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Google Techtalk 2006
This document summarizes new frontiers in astronomy with the use of space telescopes like Hubble and beyond. It discusses the growth of data collection over the past 25 years through improved detectors and instruments. Various space telescopes that collect data across the electromagnetic spectrum are highlighted. Challenges of large astronomical surveys producing terabytes and petabytes of multi-wavelength data over time are discussed. Standards for data formats, coordinate systems, protocols and virtual observatory initiatives are outlined to help address these challenges.
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Google Techtalk 2006
- 1. New Frontiers inAstronomy Hubble and Beyond C. A. Christian and A. Conti Space Telescope Science Institute
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- 3. Visible – Hubble Space Telescope Gamma rays - Compton Gamma Ray Obs. X-rays - Chandra X-ray Observatory Infrared - Spitzer Space Telescope
- 4. A New Erain Astronomy 1960: astronomical data goes digital New instruments collect 100s of GB/night Detectors follow Moore’s law Data avalanche: double every 2 years Growth over 25 years is a factor of 30 in collecting area, 3000 in pixels. Courtesy of Alex Szalay CCD area mpixels 3+ M telescopes area m^2
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- 20. Pillars in theEagle Nebula
- 21. Public Outreach CollaborationsAstronomical Data & Image Collection Public Info Informal Science News K-14 College/Univ Museums/ Planetaria
- 22. Public Data AccessMany observatories Individual interfaces User Mission A Mission B Mission C Observatory X Observatory Y
- 23. The Virtual ObservatoryData Standards Related tools Mission A Mission B Mission C Observatory X Observatory Y User VO
- 24. Press Release CollectionImage Collection Registry: image collection description NVO Other astronomy registries Protocol: NVO simple access image protocol Recover coordinates Traceback to original data Automate process
- 25. Image WCS RecoveryPress image Find data and select strongest filter detection (R, H , etc.) Combine several and clean wcs.compute uses identified objects in each image Voila - WCS! Backup slide
- 26. Collaboration: CLEA VirtualEducation Observatory Gettysburg College Students choose part of sky to “observe” Collect data from telescope/ instrument Perform simple photometric data analysis
- 27. Sloan Digital SkyInterface
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- 30. DSS, SDSS, 2MASS,GALEX,…
- 31. NASA Data CentersMAST: Multimission Archive at STScI HEASARC: High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center IRSA: Infrared Science Archives LAMBDA: Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis MSC: Michelson Science Center NASA ADS: Astrophysics Data System NED: NASA Extragalactic Database
- 32. The Age ofLarge Surveys Large number of new surveys multi-TB in size, 100 million objects or more individual archives planned, or under way Data publication an integral part of the survey Multi-wavelength view of the sky Impressive early discoveries
- 33. Data Volume Astronomershave ~ Petabytes online now. Mine for new or interesting objects in a 400-D space Positions, brightness, color, type, size, etc… Data doubles every 2 years Publishing data Providing good visualization and query tools
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- 35. Data Formats: FITSFITS: Flexible Image Transport System Standard astronomical binary data format Composed of a sequence of Header Data Units (HDUs) keyword=value statements, describe the organization of the data in the HDU and the format of the contents HDU may contain a digital image, tables and multidimensional matrices
- 36. Data Formats: VOTableXML format for tabular information Catalog query results List of images or spectra List of resources
- 37. World Coordinate SystemCoordinate Systems: Galactic, Ecliptic, J2000 Equatorial, B1950 Equatorial WCS Projections: LIN, TAN, SIN, STG, AZP, ARC, ZPN, ZEA, AIR, CYP, CAR, MER, CEA, COP, COD, COE, COO, BON, PCO, SFL, PAR, AIT, MOL, CSC, TSC, DSS, PLT
- 38. ZIP Code inthe Sky (HTM)
- 39. NVO Protocols SOAPWeb Services Cone search Simple query around a given region Simple image access Create an image of this region. First step produces VOTables with links to image User downloads images as FITS in second stage SkyNode Sophisticated access to tables Supports distributed queries Uses ADQL Should eventually subsume Cone-search
- 40. Resources Registry Collectionof resources that users can find Registry-registry communication via OAI Some publishing registries are meant to be seen only by other registries
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- 43. Sloan Digital SkyInterface
- 44. Challenges 41,253 squaredegrees 2 Trillion pixels One wavelength 4 Terabytes Multi-wavelength 10-100 Terabytes Time dimension 10 Petabytes Hard to publish data & programs Hard to find/understand data & programs New analysis & visualization tools are required Transition to the new astronomy Sociological issues
- 45. Contact Information CarolChristian [email_address] Alberto Conti [email_address]