Unit No. I CMA.pptx Cloud Microservices & Application

UNIT-I
Cloud Fundamentals
Department of Computer Engg., RSCOE, Pune

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What is enterprise software?
• Enterprise software, or enterprise application software,
is computer software used by organizations rather than
individual users.
• Common types of enterprise software include contact
center software, business intelligence, enterprise
communication, inventory management, marketing
tools, online payments, and enterprise resource
planning.
• Organizations use enterprise software to run, scale, and
optimize their day-to-day operations and processes, as
well as build their own unique applications.

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Why is enterprise software important?
• Enterprise software is central to day-to-day
business functions and mission-critical
operations in many organizations. The following
are some examples of how organizations use
enterprise software solutions:
1. Scale resources
2. Improve organizational efficiency
3. Enhance employee productivity
4. Increase customer satisfaction

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1. Scale resources
• Organizations use enterprise software to scale
operations and direct resources to functions that
need them.
• They can scale up or down as necessary, keeping
costs and resources under control, and budgets in
check.
• For example, you can use Amazon Chime SDK to
add scalable communications capabilities like
video, voice, and text to your existing enterprise
applications.

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2. Improve organizational efficiency
• Enterprise application software introduces
automation in areas such as HR, payroll,
marketing, and data entry, freeing up
employees to focus on tasks that add more
value to the enterprise.
• It delivers a standard set of collaboration
tools and workflow solutions that reduce
interdepartmental silos.

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3. Enhance employee productivity
• Technologies and tools such as process
automation, project management software,
artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and
machine learning (ML) make collaboration
between teams easier and deliver actionable
insights.
• Teams can communicate with each other
wherever they are. This helps employees
complete their day-to-day tasks more efficiently.

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4. Increase customer satisfaction
• Enterprise software solutions such as customer
relationship management, marketing
automation, and contact center software have
made it possible for organizations to develop a
detailed understanding of their clients and their
needs.
• By bringing together and centralizing customer
data, enterprises can deliver a personalized
service experience that meets customer
demands.

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What are some use cases of enterprise software
solutions?
• A number of the world's leading enterprises
integrate enterprise software into their
operations. We give some common use
cases below:
1. Customer service
2. Communication
3. Sales and marketing
4. Operation support

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What are the types of enterprise software?
• There are several different types and brands of
enterprise software available. The software can
be grouped into several broad categories. We
give some examples below.
1. Enterprise resource planning
2. Customer relationship management
3. Business intelligence
4. Supply chain management
5. Human resource management

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Enterprise resource planning
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software helps
organizations to manage their various business
processes, including sales, HR, supply chain, project
management, and payroll from within a single
centralized system. Organizations use ERP software to:
• Centrally manage organizational data from different
sources.
• Automate tasks and simplify business processes.
• Deliver operational efficiency and boost
profitability.

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Customer relationship management
Enterprises use customer relationship management
(CRM) and contact center software to:
• Better manage customer relationships
• Develop insights into customer needs through data
• Deliver better experiences to existing customers
• Make informed decisions about new prospects
With information about existing and potential clients
in one place, businesses can personalize their
communications and build deeper relationships.

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Business intelligence
Business intelligence is enterprise application software
that brings together data held in multiple sources—the
cloud, on-premises data centers, and spreadsheets—
for analysis and reporting. Everyone within an
organization gets a consistent view of the data through
interactive dashboards. Business intelligence software
also highlights patterns and trends so that teams can:
• Gain valuable insights into business processes
• Make strategic decisions with confidence
• Avoid time-consuming manual analysis

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Supply chain management
Today's supply chains are highly complex global networks of
manufacturers, suppliers, logistics, and retailers that work together
to deliver goods and services. Every organization requires efficient
digital infrastructure to co-ordinate and manage supply chain tasks
such as:
• Goods tracking
• Production updates
• Supplier invoicing
• Supplier auditing
Effective supply chain management tools, such as Amazon Managed
Blockchain and Amazon Forecast, give organizations complete
visibility over their supply chains to improve forecasting, reduce
inventory costs, and improve capacity utilization.

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Human resource management
Enterprise application software for human resource (HR)
management is typically made up of tools to oversee and control HR
functions like:
• Recruitment and training
• Annual leave management
• Payroll
• Talent retention and engagement
By bringing together all of the functions that a modern enterprise
HR department has to oversee, organizations can work more
efficiently and deliver greater value to the enterprise.

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What is Cloud Computing?
• Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient,
on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks,
servers, storage, applications, and services)
[Mell_2009], [Berkely_2009].
• It can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort.
• It provides high level abstraction of computation and
storage model.
• It has some essential characteristics, service models,
and deployment models.

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Essential Characteristics
• On-Demand Self Service:
– A consumer can unilaterally provision computing
capabilities, automatically without requiring human
interaction with each service’s provider.
• Heterogeneous Access:
– Capabilities are available over the network and
accessed through standard mechanisms that
promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client
platforms.

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• Resource Pooling:
– The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve
multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model.
– Different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned
and reassigned according to consumer demand.
• Measured Service:
– Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resources
used by leveraging a metering capability at some level of
abstraction appropriate to the type of service.
– It will provide analyzable and predictable computing
platform.
Essential Characteristics (cont.)

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Service Models
• Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS):
– The capability provided to the consumer is to use the
provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure.
– The applications are accessible from various client
devices such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
– The consumer does not manage or control the underlying
cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating
systems, storage,…
– Examples: Caspio, Google Apps, Salesforce, Nivio,
Learn.com.

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• Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS):
– The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto
the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired
applications created using programming languages and
tools supported by the provider.
cloud infrastructure.
– Consumer has control over the deployed applications and
possibly application hosting environment configurations.
– Examples: Windows Azure, Google App.
Service Models (cont.)

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• Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
– The capability provided to the consumer is to provision
processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental
computing resources.
– The consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software,
which can include operating systems and applications.
cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems,
storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of
select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).
– Examples: Amazon EC2, GoGrid, iland, Rackspace Cloud
Servers, ReliaCloud.

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Service Model at a glance: Picture From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cloud_Computing_Stack.svg


Private Cloud:
 The cloud is operated solely for an organization. It may be
managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on
premise or off premise.

Community Cloud:
 The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and
supports a specific community that has shared concerns.
 It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and
may exist on premise or off premise


Public Cloud:
 The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general
public or a large industry group and it is owned by an
organization selling cloud services.

Hybrid cloud:
 The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more
clouds (private, community, or public).

Advantages of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing do not need high quality
equipment for user, and it is very easy to use.

Provides dependable and secure data storage
center.

Reduce run time and response time.

Cloud is a large resource pool that you can buy
on-demand service.

Scale of cloud can extend dynamically providing
nearly infinite possibility for users to use internet.

Copyright © 2011 Open Geospatial
Consortium
General Security Advantages
• Shifting public data to a external cloud reduces the
exposure of the internal sensitive data
• Cloud homogeneity makes security auditing/testing
simpler
• Clouds enable automated security management
• Redundancy / Disaster Recovery

Consortium
General Security Challenges
• Trusting vendor’s security model
• Customer inability to respond to audit findings
• Obtaining support for investigations
• Indirect administrator accountability
• Proprietary implementations can’t be examined
• Loss of physical control

Consortium
Issues - Other
• Privacy
– Greater ease in which the companies hosting the cloud services
control, and, thus, can monitor at will, lawfully or unlawfully, the
communication and data stored between the user and the host
company
• Standards
– Most cloud providers expose APIs that are typically well-documented
but also unique to their implementation and thus not interoperable.
Open Cloud Consortium is working this issue
• Legal
– E-Discovery
– Search Warrants and Customer data
– Cross-jurisdiction compliance
– Patents

Consortium
Public Cloud Platforms overview and their usage
• Introduction [What is Public Cloud?]
• Public Cloud Example
• Public Cloud Architecture
Public cloud providers use a multi-tenant architecture, which allows
users – or tenants – to share computing resources. In this model, a
tenant’s data is logically separated and kept isolated from the data of
other tenants – effectively being invisible to other tenants.
• Public Cloud Services

Consortium
Public Cloud Platforms overview and their
usage (cont…)
• Public Cloud Security
1. The name itself may lead some to believe that public computing services
are not as secure as a private offering, but is this true?
2. Over the last few years, technological advancements and solutions have
alleviated many users’ concerns regarding security within this model.
3. Furthermore, security is taken very seriously by modern public cloud
service providers. Specialized personnel are employed by vendors to
automate security functions and monitor the cloud computing system
for anomalies.
4. Strict policies prevent other tenants from accessing user data.
Organizations can use a public computing solution within a hybrid
environment to gain access to additional levels of security.

Consortium
usage (cont…)
• Public Cloud Pricing
Public cloud platforms might be used for free, or access to
them might be sold according to subscription-based or pay-
per-usage pricing models.
In a subscription-based model, customers typically pay in
advance before receiving access to IT cloud services. Prices are
often determined by the length of the subscription, and a
longer subscription often means a lower cost.
In a pay-per-usage model, users are charged only for the
amount of resources (storage, bandwidth, CPU cycles) they
consume.

Consortium
usage (cont…)
• Public Cloud Providers
1. Public cloud providers are businesses that establish public
clouds, manage them, or provide on-demand computing
services such as Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-
a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS).
2. When compared to on-premise IT, sometimes cloud-based
platforms can reduce business costs.
3. There are a few well-known, large public cloud companies, such
as Alibaba Cloud, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud
Platform (GCP), IBM Cloud, Oracle Cloud, and Microsoft Azure,
but there are also hundreds of other computing providers from
over the world.

Unit No. I CMA.pptx Cloud Microservices & Application

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Unit No. I CMA.pptx Cloud Microservices & Application