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IoT Yet to Come
The document discusses the need for a human-centered society that integrates advanced technologies, such as AI and IoT, to address global challenges like climate change and resource scarcity. It emphasizes the importance of rethinking existing infrastructures and processes while transitioning to new materials and methods that are efficient and sustainable. Additionally, it warns of increased cybersecurity risks and advocates for innovative solutions to counter these emerging threats.
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IoT Yet to Come
- 1. Yet To Come “ANervous System for Planet Earth” Peter Coch ra ne OBE DS c https://petercochrane.com
- 2. H E RE w e a r e ? A s pec ies of in fini te aspi ra tion in a world of fi nite res ourc es! Growing ‘Crisis Catalogue’: Fo od Wat er En ergy C l imate R ef ugee Po l l utio n Ma terials Mi g ratio n D em og rap hic So c ial Divisio n Gl o bal Warming ++++
- 3. H E RE w e a r e ? A s pec ies of in fini te aspi ra tion in a world of fi nite res ourc es! Hum an Dem ands ~1 .3 - 1.5 Pl an ets
- 4. 1. 0 Hu nter Gat h erer 2 .0 Agra ria n 3 .0 Ind ustrial 4.0 Information 5.0 Symbiotic Augmentation 1 .0 A rtis ans A utoma tio n 2 .0 Mass P ro duction 3.0 www Computing 4.0 AI-Cyber Robotics ~13, 000 BC ~300 -40 k years ~1 4 k ye ars ~2 00 ye ars ~70 years ~25 years So ciety Industr y ~1 78 0 ~1950 ~2000 1 0 8 6 4 2 H o w w e g o t H e r e ? Growth with science & techno logy
- 5. High on Aspiration “Asdefined by Japan (1995): it will be human centric and improve every aspect of life” Low on ‘How’ “No technical, social, political, economic, industrial detail on the transformation process” Outmoded by Progress! “Complexity, networking, and intelligent machines demand more seats at the table” "A human-centered society that balances economic advancement with the resolution of social problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace and physical space"
- 6. High on Aspiration “Asdefined by Japan (1995): it will be human centric and improve every aspect of life” Low on ‘How’ “No technical, social, political, economic, industrial detail on the transformation process” Outmoded by Progress! “Complexity, networking, and intelligent machines demand more seats at the table” No AI No Robots No Bandwidth No SmartPhones Disconnected Peoples "A human-centered society that balances economic advancement with the resolution of social problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace and physical space" AI Robots Bandwidth SmartPhones Connected Everyone & Everything
- 7. High on Aspiration “Asdefined by Japan (1995): it will be human centric and improve every aspect of life” Low on ‘How’ “No technical, social, political, economic, industrial detail on the transformation process” Outmoded by Progress! “Complexity, networking, and intelligent machines demand more seats at the table” No AI No Robots No Bandwidth No SmartPhones Disconnected Peoples "A human-centered society that balances economic advancement with the resolution of social problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace and physical space" AI Robots Bandwidth SmartPhones Connected Everyone & Everything
- 8. I N DU S T R I A L S o l u t i o n s AI,Mater ials , Proce sses A d d i t i v e M a n u f a c t u re S us t ai na ble Mat e ria l s Hi gh Eff ic ie n cy 3 (4 )R R e p a i r R e u s e R e p u r p o s e R e c y c l e
- 9. We a rem i g r a t i n g t o w a rd m a t e r i a l s t h a t a re p ro g r a m m a b l e o f a m i x e d Bio -Non o-A I Ba se a nd a s ubsu m ed 3(4)R proc es s ? I N D U S T R I A L S o l u t i o n s AI,Materials, Processes 5 ?
- 10. We a rem i g r a t i n g t o w a rd m a t e r i a l s t h a t a re p ro g r a m m a b l e o f a m i x e d Bio -Non o-A I Ba se a nd a s ubsu m ed 3(4)R proc es s ? I N D U S T R I A L S o l u t i o n s AI,Materials, Processes 5 ? w e have to think Design and plan for such a future Today
- 11. TIP OF THEICEBeRG ? Today’s Vision Smart CitIES
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- 14. Everything Connected Nice ‘slide-ware’ ofa future panacea, but short on the bigger picture and an integrated vision of the prime objective, and biggest challenges! To save the planet and humanity by powering sustainability! We have no suitable networks or wireless systems & technologies! We will amplify the Cyber Attack surface by orders of magnitude we have no effective defence !
- 15. Polishing & Refining WON’T DO! Old industries, processes, methodologies, and materials is not enough - we have to transition to the new at a lower energy, material, and process cost whilst realising a better product performance, utility, and 3R
- 16. R E SI L I E N T M AT E R I A L S
- 17. R E SI L I E N T M AT E R I A L S
- 18. hydrophobic c o at i n g s
- 19. S E LF H E A L I N G
- 20. Wheel Futures ALL Printed?? All 3D printed metal and plastic to integrate tyre, wheel, brakes, motor and suspension
- 21. Wheel Futures ALL Printed?? All 3D printed metal and plastic to integrate tyre, wheel, brakes, motor and suspension
- 22. D U MB t o S M A R T Wired and wireless vehicle IoT D o z e n s o f s e n s o r s , r e c o r d e r s , c o n t r o l u n i t s , a g g r e g a t e d b y o n - b o a rd a n a l y s i s w i t h I o T / I n t e r n e t c o n n e c t v i a m u l t i p l e c h a n n e l s WiFi,3, 4, 5G Direct to Service Centre Communication Direct Car-to-Car Avoiding 3, 4, 5G Congestion
- 23. N e tw o r k e d f o r L I F E This redefines the expression - ‘Always On-Line’
- 24. S W Ed e n - H U M A N I M P L A N T P R O G R A M
- 25. Categories Devices Sensors Vehicles Systems Buildings Wearables Appliances Components Infrastructure Function Safety Security Logistics Inventories Monitoring Use Industrial Control MonitoringHealth Historical Records Environmental Control Purpose Repair ReUse Recycle RePurpose Materials Recovery Environmental Policing Performance Assurance Maintenance Scheduling ++++ THE Categorising of T H I N G S i s E n d l e s s Lists of this kind see population estimates of 30 - 100 Bn Things
- 26. 2000 04 0812 16 2020 Initial Over Optimism Corrective Pessimism 50 10 20 30 40 Actuality Following Moore’s Commercial IoT ‘Things’ Forecast 2030 - 50 looks to BE a d i f f e r e n t p i c t u r e
- 27. I4.o: Kernel New materials,sciences, tech, e n g i n e e r i n g , p r o c e s s e s , automation, robotics, intelligences, thinking… BIO-TECH nano-TECH AI AL QC Robotics Superior metals, plastics, ceramics, electronics and eletro-optics, mechtranics, sensors and actuators +++ Low cost processing and forming + high efficiency, low energy and material cost with >95% 3(4)R
- 28. IoT At the core:greater connectivity …and ‘The IoT’ as the nervous system of societies and planet wide resources BIO-TECH nano-TECH Lower energy Lower waste Less friction New materials New industries New processes New capabilities I 4 . 0 c ata ly t i c s ta r t i n g p o i n t AI AL QC Robotics
- 29. 6G 5G 4G 3G 2G ~9 years ~9 years ~9years ~9 years IMPLICATIONS
- 30. 6G 5G 4G 3G 2G 1G 2G 3G 2.5G Voicecentric Same genome 3.5G ~9 years 4G 5G Data centric New genome 6G Smarts centric Radical genome ! 7G? ~9 years ~9 years ~9 years IMPLICATIONS
- 31. 6G 5G 4G 3G 2G 1G 2G 3G 2.5G Voicecentric Same genome 3.5G ~9 years 4G 5G Data centric New genome 6G Smarts centric Radical genome ! 7G? ~3kW ~1kW G r e a t e r B W M o r e D a t a L o w e r L a t e n c y M o r e T o w e r s D e n s e r N e t H i g h e r P o w e r <100kW? ~9 years ~9 years ~9 years ~0.5kW ~10-20kW IMPLICATIONS
- 32. “If we rollout 5G for the IoT as proposed by industry pundits we had better start building more power stations” IoT 5G Dominated i s u n t e n a b l e
- 33. LoRaWan 4/5G/LTE WiFiBlueTooth ZigNee Range ~20km ~10km ~100m ~50m ~50m BitRate ~50kb/s ~1Mbit/s ~500Mbit/s ~1Mbit/s ~200kb/s Power Low High Medium Low Low Topology Star Star Star-Mesh P2P, Star, Mesh, Broadcast Star Cost/Module ~$10 ~$20 ~$5 ~$3 ~$15 sample IoT wireless All energy and space hungry, too expensive, too complex, & do not fit future operational needs
- 34. For IoT use bandsand c h a n n e l s Old wireless thinking fundamentally unsuited to future IoT demands - too complex/energy hungry
- 35. Recorded power received overa 24 hour period Mehdawi (2013). Spectrum Occupancy Survey HULL Artificial spectrum crowding DUE To old wireless model
- 36. Allocated Bandwidth Active Bandwidth BandOccupancy = Even VHF & UHF Seldom > 20% Occupancy So FULL YET So EMPTY !
- 37. O2 O2 H2O H2O <1.0% <0.01% A naturalfilter for high density short distance networking 50 10 dB/km 1 0.1 0.01 0.0010 10 20 30 GHz 100 200 400 Occupancy <10% NO spectrum Shortage Above or Below 10GHZ
- 38. S/N dB BW Hz Duration Tseconds Additive energy of coded signal components - which, with a sufficient number appears a white noise Information ‘volume’ for all three spread options is the same, but in reality we may engineer the S/N ratio down to -10dB where it is undetectable without the correct code, and ergo is highly secure Sequence SS advantages 100% digital realisation, ultra low energy (µW- pW) signalling << thermal noise over very short distances with little/no control of frequency occupancy
- 39. Active Node Repeater Node LastHop Node NOTE 1: A simplified 3 hop network is shown for clarity - 5 hop limits may be ideal… Last Hop Vector sees no further propagation Aggregating Access Node Common practice depicts nets as 2D, static, and planar, which they are not! The grey layer indicates further hidden dimensions. CoNceptual IOT MESHNET
- 40. CoNceptual S I MU L AT I O N In this simple (all nodes are equal) simulation the predominance of dynamic clustering is soon evident having started from a random distribution
- 41. So what Of Se c u r i t y Nothing from our past fits the bill and we need something new!
- 42. The Iot willmagnify the attack surface We are already losing the cyber war hands down and the ‘Dark Side’ earnings are now over $28Tn per year Legacy thinking and tech will see us wide open to attack and completely defenceless AI must replace humans in this domain - and we need a new operating philosophy
- 43. A u to - i m m u n i t y F i g h t i n g f i r e w i t h f i r e
- 44. Auto-immunity Mirrors biological forebears ICs ISPs WiFi Hubs LANs Cards Traffic Servers Circuits Devices Internet Networks Organisations Companies Platforms Groups People Mobile Fixed Autonomousand evolutionary Relentless everywhere 365 x 24 x 7 Can W E EMULATE THIS BIO Phalange IN THE SILICON W ORLD
- 45. Broadcasting Malware Responding with updated protection Wider Network Updated Latest Solution Update Dynamicisolation of infected devices and components leading to repair A mix of clean and infected Auto-immunity
- 46. Prediction /Surprise “The IoT willsee the spontaneous emergence of new forms of Artificial Intelligence” Things that think want to link and Things that link want to think
- 47. Natural Process Linking at anatomic, molecular, cellular and organism level occurs throughout the biological world, and it happens in the electronic world too ! Things that think want to link and Things that link want to think
- 48. T H EL a s t B I G Q u e s t i o n ? “Will we be smart enough to recognise new intelligences when they spontaneously appear”
- 49. !e "ture belongs# $e most adaptable and $ose who dare ! !ank You petercochrane.com