Introduction to Hadoop and Hadoop component

Introduction to Hadoop and Hadoop component

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  Introduction to Hadoop, MapReduceand HDFS for Big Data Applications
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  Hadoop History andGeneral Information  Apache Hadoop is an open-source software framework for distributed storage and distributed processing of very large data sets on computer clusters built from commodity hardware.  All the modules in Hadoop are designed with a fundamental assumption that hardware failures are common and should be automatically handled by the framework.
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  Hadoop Main Components Hadoop consists of MapReduce, the Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) and a number of related projects such as Apache Hive, HBase and Zookeeper. MapReduce and Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) are the main component of Hadoop.
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  Hadoop Architecture Hadoop frameworkincludes following four modules:  Hadoop Common: These are Java libraries and utilities required by other Hadoop modules. These libraries provides filesystem and OS level abstractions and contains the necessary Java files and scripts required to start Hadoop.  Hadoop YARN: This is a framework for job scheduling and cluster resource management.  Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS™): A distributed file system that provides high- throughput access to application data.  Hadoop MapReduce: This is YARN-based system for parallel processing of large data sets.
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  Hadoop Cluster  Normallyany set of loosely connected or tightly connected computers that work together as a single system is called Cluster. In simple words, a computer cluster used for Hadoop is called Hadoop Cluster.  Hadoop cluster is a special type of computational cluster designed for storing and analyzing vast amount of unstructured data in a distributed computing environment. These clusters run on low cost commodity computers.  Hadoop clusters are often referred to as "shared nothing" systems because the only thing that is shared between nodes is the network that connects them.  Large Hadoop Clusters are arranged in several racks. Network traffic between different nodes in the same rack is much more desirable than network traffic across the racks.  
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  Core Components ofHadoop Cluster Hadoop cluster has 3 components:  Client  Master  Slave
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  Task Tracker 1. EachTask Tracker is responsible to execute and manage the individual tasks assigned by Job Tracker. 2. Task Tracker also handles the data motion between the map and reduce phases. 3. One Prime responsibility of Task Tracker is to constantly communicate with the Job Tracker the status of the Task. 4. If the JobTracker fails to receive a heartbeat from a TaskTracker within a specified amount of time, it will assume the TaskTracker has crashed and will resubmit the corresponding tasks to other nodes in the cluster.
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  Hadoop Heart -MapReduce  MapReduce is a programming model which is used to process large data sets in a batch processing manner. A MapReduce program is composed of  a Map() procedure that performs filtering and sorting (such as sorting students by first name into queues, one queue for each name)  and a Reduce() procedure that performs a summary operation (such as counting the number of students in each queue, yielding name frequencies).
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  Facts about MapReduce Apache Hadoop Map-Reduce is an open source implementation of Google's Map Reduce Framework.  Although there are so many map-reduce implementation like Dryad from Microsoft, Dicso from Nokia which have been developed for distributed systems but Hadoop being the most popular among them offering open source implementation of Map-reduce framework.  Hadoop Map-Reduce framework works on Master/Slave architecture.
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  MapReduce Architecture Hadoop MapReduceis composed of two components  Job tracker playing the role of master and runs on MasterNode (Namenode)  Task tracker playing the role of slave per data node and runs o
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  Job Tracker  JobTracker is the one to which client application submit mapreduce programs(jobs).  Job Tracker schedule clients jobs and allocates task to the slave task trackers that are running on individual worker machines(date nodes).  Job tracker manage overall execution of Map-Reduce job.  Job tracker manages the resources of the cluster Manage the data nodes i.e. task tracker. To keep track of the consumed and available resource. To keep track of already running task, to provide fault-tolerance for task etc.
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  Hadoop HDFS  HadoopFile System was developed using distributed file system design. It is run on commodity hardware. Unlike other distributed systems, HDFS is highly faulttolerant and designed using low-cost hardware.  HDFS holds very large amount of data and provides easier access. To store such huge data, the files are stored across multiple machines. These files are stored in redundant fashion to rescue the system from possible data losses in case of failure. HDFS also makes applications available to parallel processing.
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  Features of HDFS It is suitable for the distributed storage and processing.  Hadoop provides a command interface to interact with HDFS.  The built-in servers of namenode and datanode help users to easily check the status of cluster.  Streaming access to file system data.  HDFS provides file permissions and authentication.
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  Hadoop - BigData Solutions  In this approach, an enterprise will have a computer to store and process big data. Here data will be stored in an RDBMS like Oracle Database, MS SQL Server or DB2 and sophisticated softwares can be written to interact with the database, process the required data and present it to the users for analysis purpose.
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  Thank you! REBECCA THO,HADOOP DEVELOPER AT KYVOS INSIGHTS HTTP://WWW.KYVOSINSIGHTS.COM