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Reciprocating pump presentation document
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- 2. INTRODUCTION ➤ Reciprocating pumpscreate and displace a volume of liquid by the action of a reciprocating element. The pump consists of cylinder, piston or plunger and drive arrangement for to and fro motion of the piston. These pumps are called positive displacement pump as they delivers volume of the fl uid fi lled in the cylinder irrespective of the delivery head and develops higher pressure as compared to centrifugal pumps. A pressure relief valve and a discharge check valve are normally required for reciprocating pumps. Reciprocating pump is used in milk homogenizer in dairy industry in order to develop high pressure. Reciprocating pumps can be further classi fi ed into two types, as given below. ➤ Piston Pumps ➤ Diaphragm Pumps
- 3. WORKING OF RECIPROCATINGPUMP ➤ The fi g shows a single acting reciprocating pump having piston which moves forwards and backwards in a close fi tting cylinder. The movement of piston in the cylinder is obtained by connecting the piston rod to crank by means of connecting rod. The crank is rotated by means of an electric motor. The suction and delivery valves are suitably placed which are one way valves. As the crank rotates from A to C (θ = 0° to θ = 180°), the piston moves towards right in the cylinder. This creates partial vacuum in the cylinder. As the pressure on the water surface is higher, the liquid enters the cylinder through suction valve. The movement of piston from C to A (θ = 180° to θ = 360°), closes the suction valve and opens delivery valve and the liquid is forced in the delivery pipe.
- 4. APPLICATION (HAND PUMP) ➤Hand pump is a simplest form of piston pump used in villages for lifting water from the tube well. Though, these pumps are replaced by sub- mersible electrically operated pumps even in villages. The piston pump is one of the most common reciprocating p u m p s f o r a b r o a d r a n g e o f applications prior to the development of high speed centrifugal pumps. ➤ Reciprocating pumps are used in low fl ow rate applications with very high pressure.
- 5. ADVANTAGES OF RECIPROCATINGPUMP ➤ Reciprocating pumps can deliver the required fl ow rate very precisely. ➤ It gives a continues rate of discharge ➤ It can deliver fl uid at very high pressure ➤ N o p r i m i n g i s n e e d e d i n t h e reciprocating pump
- 6. DIAPHRAGM PUMP ➤ Diaphragmpumps are reciprocating positive displacement pumps that employ a fl exible membrane instead of a piston or plunger to displace the pumped fl uid. They are truly self priming (can prime dry) and can run dry without damage. They operate via the same volumetric displacement principle described earlier.
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