Download to read offline
![name = raw_input('Enter file:')
handle = open(name, 'r')
text = handle.read()
words = text.split()
counts = dict()
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
bigcount = None
bigword = None
for word,count in counts.items():
if bigcount is None or count > bigcount:
bigword = word
bigcount = count
print bigword, bigcount
python words.py
Enter file: words.txt
to 16
python words.py
Enter file: clown.txt
the 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-19-2048.jpg)
![csev$ python
Python 2.5 (r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
What next?](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-33-2048.jpg)
![csev$ python
Python 2.5 (r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> x = 1
>>> print x
1
>>> x = x + 1
>>> print x
2
>>> exit()
This is a good test to make sure that you
have Python correctly installed. Note that
quit() also works to end the interactive
session.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-34-2048.jpg)
![name = raw_input('Enter file:')
handle = open(name, 'r')
text = handle.read()
words = text.split()
counts = dict()
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
bigcount = None
bigword = None
for word,count in counts.items():
if bigcount is None or count > bigcount:
bigword = word
bigcount = count
print bigword, bigcount
python words.py
Enter file: words.txt
to 16
A short “Story”
about how to count
words in a file in
Python.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-38-2048.jpg)
![name = raw_input('Enter file:')
handle = open(name, 'r')
text = handle.read()
words = text.split()
counts = dict()
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
bigcount = None
bigword = None
for word,count in counts.items():
if bigcount is None or count > bigcount:
bigword = word
bigcount = count
print bigword, bigcount
python words.py
Enter file: words.txt
to 16
python words.py
Enter file: clown.txt
the 7](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-19-2048.jpg)
![csev$ python
Python 2.5 (r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
What next?](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-33-2048.jpg)
![csev$ python
Python 2.5 (r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> x = 1
>>> print x
1
>>> x = x + 1
>>> print x
2
>>> exit()
This is a good test to make sure that you
have Python correctly installed. Note that
quit() also works to end the interactive
session.](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-34-2048.jpg)
![name = raw_input('Enter file:')
handle = open(name, 'r')
text = handle.read()
words = text.split()
counts = dict()
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
bigcount = None
bigword = None
for word,count in counts.items():
if bigcount is None or count > bigcount:
bigword = word
bigcount = count
print bigword, bigcount
python words.py
Enter file: words.txt
to 16
A short “Story”
about how to count
words in a file in
Python.](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/py4inf-01-intro-221126141122-ba8a8082/75/py4inf-01-intro-ppt-38-2048.jpg)
py4inf-01-intro.ppt
- 1. Why Program? Chapter 1 Pythonfor Informatics: Exploring Information www.pythonlearn.com
- 2. Unless otherwise noted,the content of this course material is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/. Copyright 2010- Charles Severance
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
- 6. Back to theIntroduction...
- 7. Computers want tobe helpful... • Computers are built for one purpose - to do things for us • But we need to speak their language to describe what we want done • Users have it easy - someone already put many different programs (instructions) into the computer and users just pick the ones we want to use What Next? What Next? What Next? What Next? What Next? What Next? What Next?
- 8. Programmers Anticipate Needs • iPhoneApplications are a market • iPhone Applications have over 3 Billion downloads • Programmers have left their jobs to be full-time iPhone developers • Programmers know the ways of the program Pick Me! Pick Me! Pick Me! Pick Me! Pay Me! Pick Me!
- 9. Users .vs. Programmers •Users see computers as a set of tools - word processor, spreadsheet, map, todo list, etc. • Programmers learn the computer “ways” and the computer language • Programmers have some tools that allow them to build new tools • Programmers sometimes write tools for lots of users and sometimes programmers write little “helpers” for themselves to automate a task
- 10. Computer Hardware + Software Networks .... Froma software creator’s point of view, we build the software. The end users (stakeholders/actors) are our masters - who we want to please - often they pay us money when they are pleased. But the data, information, and networks are our problem to solve on their behalf. The hardware and software are our friends and allies in this quest. Information Data User Programmer
- 11. Why be aprogramer? • To get some task done - we are the user and programmer • Clean up survey data • To produce something for others to use - a programming job • Fix a performance problem in the Sakai software • Add guestbook to a web site
- 12. What is Code?Software? A Program? • A sequence of stored instructions • It is a little piece of our intelligence in the computer • It is a little piece of our intelligence we can give to others - we figure something out and then we encode it and then give it to someone else to save them the time and energy of figuring it out • A piece of creative art - particularly when we do a good job on user experience
- 13.
- 14. Programs for Humans... while musicis playing: Left hand out and up Right hand out and up Flip Left hand Flip Right hand Left hand to right shoulder Right hand to left shoulder Left hand to back of head Right ham to back of head Left hand to right hit Right hand to left hit Left hand on left bottom Right hand on right bottom Wiggle Wiggle Jump http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlzwuFkn88U
- 15. Programs for Humans... while musicis playing: Left hand out and up Right hand out and up Flip Left hand Flip Right hand Left hand to right shoulder Right hand to left shoulder Left hand to back of head Right ham to back of head Left hand to right hit Right hand to left hit Left hand on left bottom Right hand on right bottom Wiggle Wiggle Jump http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlzwuFkn88U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sN62PAKoBfE
- 16. Programs for Humans... while musicis playing: Left hand out and up Right hand out and up Flip Left hand Flip Right hand Left hand to right shoulder Right hand to left shoulder Left hand to back of head Right hand to back of head Left hand to right hip Right hand to left hip Left hand on left bottom Right hand on right bottom Wiggle Wiggle Jump http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlzwuFkn88U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sN62PAKoBfE
- 17. the clown ranafter the car and the car ran into the tent and the tent fell down on the clown and the car Programs for Python...
- 18.
- 19. name = raw_input('Enterfile:') handle = open(name, 'r') text = handle.read() words = text.split() counts = dict() for word in words: counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1 bigcount = None bigword = None for word,count in counts.items(): if bigcount is None or count > bigcount: bigword = word bigcount = count print bigword, bigcount python words.py Enter file: words.txt to 16 python words.py Enter file: clown.txt the 7
- 20.
- 21.
- 22.
- 23. Definitions • Central ProcessingUnit: Runs the Program - The CPU is always wondering “what to do next”? Not the brains exactly - very dumb but very very fast • Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Touch Screen • Output Devices: Screen, Speakers, Printer, DVD Burner • Main Memory: Fast small temporary storage - lost on reboot - aka RAM • Secondary Memory: Slower large permanent storage - lasts until deleted - disk drive / memory stick What Next?
- 24.
- 25.
- 26.
- 27. Hard Disk inAction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eMWG3fwiEU
- 28. Python as aLanguage
- 29. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Parseltongue Parseltongue is thelanguage of serpents and those who can converse with them. An individual who can speak Parseltongue is known as a Parselmouth. It is a very uncommon skill, and may be hereditary. Nearly all known Parselmouths are descended from Salazar Slytherin.
- 30. Python is thelanguage of the Python Interpreter and those who can converse with it. An individual who can speak Python is known as a Pythonista. It is a very uncommon skill, and may be hereditary. Nearly all known Pythonistas use software inititially developed by Guido van Rossum.
- 31. Early Learner: SyntaxErrors • We need to learn the Python language so we can communicate our instructions to Python. In the beginning we will make lots of mistakes and speak gibberish like small children. • When you make a mistake, the computer does not think you are “cute”. It says “syntax error” - given that it *knows* the language and you are just learning it. It seems like Python is cruel and unfeeling. • You must remember that *you* are intelligent and *can* learn - the computer is simple and very fast - but cannot learn - so it is easier for you to learn Python than for the computer to learn English...
- 32.
- 33. csev$ python Python 2.5(r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> What next?
- 34. csev$ python Python 2.5(r25:51918, Sep 19 2006, 08:49:13) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> x = 1 >>> print x 1 >>> x = x + 1 >>> print x 2 >>> exit() This is a good test to make sure that you have Python correctly installed. Note that quit() also works to end the interactive session.
- 35. Lets Talk toPython...
- 36. What do weSay?
- 37. Elements of Python •Vocabulary / Words - Variables and Reserved words (Chapter 2) • Sentence structure - valid syntax patterns (Chapters 3-5) • Story structure - constructing a program for a purpose
- 38. name = raw_input('Enterfile:') handle = open(name, 'r') text = handle.read() words = text.split() counts = dict() for word in words: counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1 bigcount = None bigword = None for word,count in counts.items(): if bigcount is None or count > bigcount: bigword = word bigcount = count print bigword, bigcount python words.py Enter file: words.txt to 16 A short “Story” about how to count words in a file in Python.
- 39. Reserved Words • Youcan not use reserved words as variable names / identifiers and del for is raise assert elif from lambda return break else global not try class except if or while continue exec import pass yield def finally in print Chapter 2
- 40. Sentences or Lines x= 2 x = x + 2 print x Variable Operator Constant Reserved Word Assignment Statement Assignment with expression Print statement
- 41.
- 42. Python Scripts • InteractivePython is good for experiments and programs of 3-4 lines long • But most programs are much longer so we type them into a file and tell python to run the commands in the file. • In a sense we are “giving Python a script” • As convention, we add “.py” as the suffix on the end of these files to indicate they contain Python
- 43. Writing a SimpleProgram
- 44. Interactive versus Script •Interactive • You type directly to Python one line at a time and it responds • Script • You enter a sequence of statements (lines) into a file using a text editor and tell Python to execut the statements in the file
- 45. Program Steps orProgram Flow • Like a recipe or installation instructions, a program is a sequence of steps to be done in order • Some steps are conditional - they may be skipped • Sometimes a step or group of steps are to be repeated • Sometimes we store a set of steps to be used over and over as needed several places throughout the program (Chapter 4)
- 46. Sequential Steps Program: x =2 print x x = x + 2 print x Output: 24 x = 1 print x x = x + 1 print x When a program is running, it flows from one step to the next. We as programmers set up “paths” for the program to follow. Chapter 2
- 47. Conditional Steps Output: Smaller Finis Program: x =5 if x < 10: print 'Smaller’ if x > 20: print 'Bigger' print 'Finis' x = 5 X < 10 ? print 'Smaller' X > 20 ? print 'Bigger' print 'Finis' Yes Yes Chapter 3
- 48. Repeated Steps Output: 5 4 3 2 1 Blastoff! Program: n =5 while n > 0 : print n n = n – 1 print 'Blastoff!' n > 0 ? n = n -1 Loops (repeated steps) have iteration variables that change each time through a loop. Often these iteration variables go through a sequence of numbers. No print 'Blastoff' Chapter 5 Yes n = 5 print n
- 50. An Animated ShortPython Story... Finding the largest number in a list of numbers...
- 51. 25 1 114117 150 152 120 46 19 126 191 121 104 116 160 105 89 125 40 14 31 139 113 94 97 193 154 140 195 122 112 163 177 48 78 101 130 83 35 197 44 54 106 143 59 38 3 41 93 81 20 164 4 11 131 0 107 71 159 69 181 178 173 148 62 142 170 72 37 145 60 187 198 99 15 82 26 8 192 17 129 73 45 9 24 188 42 151 51 183 179 79 50 76 34 33 185 102 193 184 What is the Largest Number?
- 53. 25 1 114117 150 152 120 46 19 126 191 121 104 116 160 105 89 125 40 14 31 139 113 94 97 193 154 140 195 122 112 163 177 48 78 101 130 83 35 197 44 54 106 143 59 38 3 41 93 81 20 164 4 11 131 0 107 71 159 69 181 178 173 148 62 142 170 72 37 145 60 187 198 99 15 82 26 8 192 17 129 73 45 9 24 188 42 151 51 183 179 79 50 76 34 33 185 102 193 184
- 54.
- 56.
- 57. What is theLargest Number?
- 58. 3 What is theLargest Number? largest_so_far -13 4174 4 1 1 2 9 7 4 1 5
- 60. Summary • This isa quick overview of Chapter 1 • We will revisit these concepts throughout the course • Focus on the big picture
Editor's Notes
- #3 Add screen cast for setting path.