Operators in c programming


Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Relational operators
Logical operators
Bit wise operators
Conditional operators (ternary operators)
Increment/decrement operators
Special operators.
To study….


 The symbols which are used to perform logical and
mathematical operations in a C program are called C
operators.
 These C operators join individual constants and
variables to form expressions.
 Operators, functions, constants and variables are
combined together to form expressions.
Introduction

Types of Operators Description
Arithmetic Operators
Perform mathematical calculations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division and modulus
Assignment
Operators
Assign the values for the variables in C programs.
Relational operators Compare the value of two variables.
Logical operators Perform logical operations on the given two variables.
Bit wise operators Perform bit operations on given two variables.
Conditional (ternary)
operators
Conditional operators return one value if condition is
true and returns another value is condition is false.
Increment/decrement
operators
Either increase or decrease the value of the variable by
one.
Special operators &, *, sizeof( ) and ternary operators.
Types of C Operators


Arithmetic
Operators/Operation Example
+ (Addition) A+B
– (Subtraction) A-B
* (multiplication) A*B
/ (Division) A/B
% (Modulus) A%B
ARITHMETIC OPERATORS IN C

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=40,b=20, add,sub,mul,div,mod;
add = a+b;
sub = a-b;
mul = a*b;
div = a/b;
mod = a%b;
printf("Addition of a, b is : %dn", add);
printf("Subtraction of a, b is : %dn", sub);
printf("Multiplication of a, b is : %dn", mul);
printf("Division of a, b is : %dn", div);
printf("Modulus of a, b is : %dn", mod);
return 0;
}
Example showing use of Arithmetic
Operator

Operators Example/Description
=
test = 10;
10 is assigned to variable test
+=
test += 10;
This is same as test = test + 10
-=
test -= 10;
This is same as test = test – 10
*=
test *= 10;
This is same as test = test * 10
/=
test /= 10;
This is same as test = test / 10
%=
test %= 10;
This is same as test = test % 10
&=
test&=10;
This is same as test = test & 10
^=
test ^= 10;
This is same as test = test ^ 10
ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS IN C


# include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int Total=0,i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
Total+=i; // This is same as Total = Toatal+i
}
printf("Total = %d", Total);
return 0;
}
Example showing use of Assignment
Operator


Operators Example/Description
> x > y (x is greater than y)
< x < y (x is less than y)
>= x >= y (x is greater than or equal to y)
<= x <= y (x is less than or equal to y)
== x == y (x is equal to y)
!= x != y (x is not equal to y)
RELATIONAL OPERATORS IN C
Relational operators are used to find the relation between two
variables. i.e. to compare the values of two variables in a C program.


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int m=40,n=20;
if (m == n)
{
printf("m and n are equal");
}
else
{
printf("m and n are not equal");
}
return 0;
}
Example showing use of Relational
Operator


Operators Example/Description
&&
(logical AND)
(a>5)&&(b<5)
It returns true when both conditions are true
||
(logical OR)
(a>=10)||(b>=10)
It returns true when at-least one of the condition is
true
!
(logical NOT)
!((a>5)&&(b<5))
It reverses the state of the operand “((a>5) &&
(b<5))”
If “((a>5) && (b<5))” is true, logical NOT operator
makes it false
LOGICAL OPERATORS IN C

int main()
{
int m=40,n=20;
int a=20,p=30;
if (m>n && m !=0)
{ printf("&& Operator : Both conditions are truen"); }
if (a>p || p!=20)
{ printf("|| Operator : Only one condition is truen"); }
if (!(m>n && m !=0))
{ printf("! Operator : Both conditions are truen"); }
else
{ printf("! Operator : Both conditions are true. "
"But, status is inverted as falsen");
}
return 0;
}
Example showing use of Logical
Operator


 These operators are used to perform bit operations.
Decimal values are converted into binary values
which are the sequence of bits and bit wise operators
work on these bits. Following are bitwise operator
1) & Bitwise AND
2) | Bitwise OR
3) ~ Bitwise NOT
4) ^ XOR
5) << Left Shift
6) >> Right Shift
BIT WISE OPERATORS IN C

int main()
{
int m = 40,n = 80,AND_opr,OR_opr,XOR_opr,NOT_opr ;
AND_opr = (m&n);
OR_opr = (m|n);
NOT_opr = (~m);
XOR_opr = (m^n);
printf("AND_opr value = %dn",AND_opr );
printf("OR_opr value = %dn",OR_opr );
printf("NOT_opr value = %dn",NOT_opr );
printf("XOR_opr value = %dn",XOR_opr );
printf("left_shift value = %dn", m << 1);
printf("right_shift value = %dn", m >> 1);
}
Program showing Bitwise Operator in C


 Conditional operators return one value if condition
is true and returns another value is condition is false.
 This operator is also called as ternary operator.
Syntax : (Condition? true_value: false_value);
Example : (A > 100 ? 0 : 1);
CONDITIONAL OR TERNARY
OPERATORS IN C


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=1, y ;
y = ( x ==1 ? 2 : 0 ) ;
printf("x value is %dn", x);
printf("y value is %d", y);
return 0;
}
Program for use of Ternary Operator


 Increment operators are used to increase the value of
the variable by one and decrement operators are
used to decrease the value of the variable by one in C
programs.
Increment operator
++var_name; (or) var_name++;
Decrement operator
- -var_name; (or) var_name – -;
Increment / Decrement
Operators


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1;
while(i<10)
{
printf("%d ",i);
i++;
}
return 0;
}
Example for increment operators


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1;
while(i<10)
{
printf("%d ",i);
i--;
}
return 0;
}
Example for Decrement operators

Operators in c programming

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