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Networking
This document provides an overview of computer networking topics including: - Networking allows computers to communicate and share resources over a connection. Basic elements include hardware, software, and protocols. - Benefits of networks include information and hardware sharing between users, as well as collaborative work environments. - Networks are categorized by topology (layout), protocols (communication rules), and transmission characteristics such as analog vs. digital signals. Common topologies include bus, star, ring and mesh.
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Networking
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- 2. MYSELF Name: Saifullah AlGalib ID: 16103088 Program: BCSE Section: B
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- 4. TOPIC CONTENTS • WHATIS NETWORK • BENEFITS OF NETWORK • Types of computer networks • Basic elements of a communication system • HOW ARE NETWORKS CATEGORIZED • Topology • Protocol
- 5. INTRODUCTION- What is networking? A network is a collection of computers and devices connected to each other. The network allows computers to communicate with each other and share resources and information. In other words networking can be defined as inter-connection of two or more computers for sharing the resources(hardware and software)and provide security on them. Networks are built with a combination of computer hardware and computer software.
- 6. BENEFITS OF ANETWORK • Information sharing: Authorized users can use other computers on the network to access and share information and data. This could include special group projects, databases, etc. • Hardware sharing: One device connected to a network, such as a printer or scanner, can be shared by many users. • Software sharing: Instead of purchasing and installing a software program on each computer, it can be installed on the server. All of the users can then access the program from a single location. • Collaborative environment: Users can work together on group projects by combining the power and capabilities of diverse equipment.
- 8. LAN (LOCALAREA NETWORK) WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) MAN (METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK) PAN (PERSONAL AREA NETWORK) VPN (VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK) CAN (CAMPUS AREA NETWORK) GAN(GLOBAL AREA NETWORK) SAN (STORAGE AREA NETWORK)
- 9. Basic elements ofa communication system
- 10. HOW ARE NETWORKS CATEGORIZED •Networks are usually classified using three properties: •Topology •Protocol
- 11. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES • Network Topology(or layout) – refers to the way computers and peripherals are configured to form networks • Bus (can be both logical and physical) • Star (physical only) • Ring (can be both logical and physical) • Mesh/Hybrid (can be both logical and physical)
- 13. Network topology (cont.) •Advantages and Disadvantages of Network Topologies
- 14. NETWORK/COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS • A protocolis simply an agreed-on set of rules and procedures for transmitting data between two or more devices
- 15. • Features determinedby the protocol are: –How the sending device indicates it has finished sending the message. –How the receiving device indicates it has received the message. • The type of error checking to be used. Most networks use Ethernet, but some network may use IBM’s Token Ring protocol. • On the Internet, the major protocol is TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
- 16. DATA TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS • Modes(directions) •Analog or Digital (type of signal)
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- 19. Analog or Digital(type of signal) Analog transmission – Takes the form of continuous waves Transmitted over a medium at a certain frequency rage Measured in VOLTS and frequency in HERTZ Digital transmission – Sends data in the form of bits Transmitted data in a square wave Data flows is not continuous
- 21. Reference: Hand writing,Google, Google 3D image