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Database and Characterstics - DBMS CSE presentation
- 1. Chitkara University Instituteof Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India 1 Department of Computer Science & Engineering DATABASE AND CHARACTERSTICS Bachelor of Engineering- Computer Science & Engineering System Design(SD)(22CS024)
- 2. What is Database? Datarefers to raw, unorganized facts and figures, such as numbers, text, images, or symbols, that can be processed and analyzed to extract meaningful information Data can exist in a raw form (unorganized) or processed form (organized and meaningful). A database is a structured collection of data designed for efficient storage, retrieval and manipulation. It serves as a centralized repository, allowing data to be accessed, managed, and updated by multiple users or applications
- 3. WHY DATABASE?? Drawbacks ofTraditional File Systems ● Distinguished and Isolated Data ● Data Duplication / Data Redundancy ● Dependence on Data ● Data representation is challenging from the user's perspective ● Different file types ● Data Protection ● Issues with Transactions ● Concurrent issues
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- 5. Essential Characteristics ofDatabase
- 6. Essential Characteristics ofDatabase A high-performing database is vital for any organization, supporting operations, customer interactions and systems like digital libraries, reservations, and inventory management. Databases are essential because they: ● Scale efficiently to handle massive volumes of data. ● Ensure data integrity through built-in rules and constraints. ● Protect data with secure access controls and compliance support. ● Enable analytics by identifying trends and guiding informed business decisions.
- 7. Working of Databases Databaseswork by organizing and storing information in a structured or unstructured format, allowing easy access, retrieval, and modification. ● The DBMS handles tasks like querying, updating, deleting and managing access permissions, without requiring users to know the physical details of where data is stored. ● When a user submits a request (such as a search or update), the DBMS processes the query, locates the relevant data, and returns results in a structured format. ● DBMSs provide features like backup, recovery, performance optimization and data security to ensure the system runs efficiently and reliably.
- 8. Components of aDatabase Data: The actual information stored in the database, such as text, numbers, images, or files. Schema: The structural blueprint that defines how data is organized —tables, fields, data types, and relationships. DBMS: The software that manages database operations like storage, retrieval, and security (e.g., MySQL, Oracle). Queries: Instructions (usually SQL) used to retrieve or manipulate data within the database. Users: People or systems that interact with the database, each with specific roles and access permissions.
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- 10. Types of Databases RelationalDatabases (RDBMS) These databases organize data into tables made up of rows (records) and columns (fields). Each table stores related information (like customers, products, or orders), and tables can be linked using keys (Primary and Foreign Keys). Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server. Why Use It: Easy to use, highly consistent, and supports powerful querying with SQL.
- 11. Types of Databases NoSQLDatabases "NoSQL" stands for "Not Only SQL". These databases are designed to handle unstructured or semi-structured data, such as text, images, videos, or sensor data. They don’t rely on the traditional table format. Instead, they store data in formats like: Document-based (e.g., MongoDB), Key-value pairs (e.g., Redis), Wide-column (e.g., Cassandra), Graphs (e.g., Neo4j).
- 12. Types of Databases CloudDatabases These databases run on cloud platforms instead of local servers. They offer on-demand scalability, reduced maintenance, and high availability. You pay for what you use and can access them from anywhere. Examples: Amazon RDS, Google Cloud SQL, Azure SQL Database. Why Use It: Automatic backups, easy to scale, and no need for in- house hardware.
- 13. Types of Databases GraphDatabases These databases focus on how data relates to other data. They use a structure of nodes (data points) and edges (relationships) to represent and store data. Examples: Neo4j, Amazon Neptune. Why Use It: Great at managing relationships, faster for queries involving connected data.
- 14. Types of Databases DistributedDatabases A distributed database stores data across multiple locations—which can be on different computers, data centers, or even continents. Despite being spread out, it works as a single database system to the user. Examples: Apache Cassandra, Google Spanner. Why Use It: Improves speed and availability, ensures fault tolerance, and reduces the risk of system failure.
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