Ch5: Threads (Operating System)

Ch5: Threads (Operating System)

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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.1 Chapter 5: Threads Overview Multithreading Models Threading Issues Pthreads Solaris 2 Threads Windows 2000 Threads Linux Threads Java Threads
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.2 Single and Multithreaded Processes
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.3 Benefits Responsiveness Resource Sharing Economy Utilization of MP Architectures
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.4 User Threads Thread management done by user-level threads library Examples - POSIX Pthreads - Mach C-threads - Solaris threads
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.5 Kernel Threads Supported by the Kernel Examples - Windows 95/98/NT/2000 - Solaris - Tru64 UNIX - BeOS - Linux
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.6 Multithreading Models Many-to-One One-to-One Many-to-Many
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.7 Many-to-One Many user-level threads mapped to single kernel thread. Used on systems that do not support kernel threads.
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.8 Many-to-One Model
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.9 One-to-One Each user-level thread maps to kernel thread. Examples - Windows 95/98/NT/2000 - OS/2
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.10 One-to-one Model
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.11 Many-to-Many Model Allows many user level threads to be mapped to many kernel threads. Allows the operating system to create a sufficient number of kernel threads. Solaris 2 Windows NT/2000 with the ThreadFiber package
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.12 Many-to-Many Model
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.13 Threading Issues Semantics of fork() and exec() system calls. Thread cancellation. Signal handling Thread pools Thread specific data
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.14 Pthreads a POSIX standard (IEEE 1003.1c) API for thread creation and synchronization. API specifies behavior of the thread library, implementation is up to development of the library. Common in UNIX operating systems.
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.15 Solaris 2 Threads
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.16 Solaris Process
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.17 Windows 2000 Threads Implements the one-to-one mapping. Each thread contains - a thread id - register set - separate user and kernel stacks - private data storage area
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.18 Linux Threads Linux refers to them as tasks rather than threads. Thread creation is done through clone() system call. Clone() allows a child task to share the address space of the parent task (process)
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.19 Java Threads Java threads may be created by: Extending Thread class Implementing the Runnable interface Java threads are managed by the JVM.
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  Silberschatz, Galvin andGagne ©20025.20 Java Thread States