Atl elevate programmatic developer slides

Fast Track to Salesforce
Development

Speakers
David Scruggs
@davescruggs
Stewart Loewen

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 Platform Overview
 Setting Up the Conference Application
 Writing Apex Classes
 Accessing Data using SOQL
 Writing Triggers
 Writing Visualforce Pages
 Writing Controller Extensions
Agenda

Salesforce Platform is the Fastest Path from Idea to App
Idea
Build App
Idea
buy &
setup
hardware
install
complex
software
define user
access
build & test
security
make it
mobile &
social
setup
reporting &
analytics
build
app
Traditional Platforms
6-12 Months?
App
App

Salesforce1 Platform Services
Salesforce1 Platform
Force.com Heroku Exact Target
Salesforce1 Platform APIs
Salesforce1 App
Sales
Cloud
Service
Cloud
Marketing
Cloud
AppExchange
Custom
Apps
Partner
Apps

Salesforce1 Mobile App
 Salesforce on your phone
 Customizable by
– Users
– Admins
– Developers
 Supports
– Objects
– Visualforce
– Canvas

Two Approaches to Development
Visualforce Pages
Visualforce Components
Apex Controllers
Apex Triggers
Metadata API
REST API
Bulk API
Formula Fields
Validation Rules
Workflows and Approvals
Custom Objects
Custom Fields
Relationships
Page Layouts
Record Types
User
Interface
Business
Logic
Data
Model
Declarative Approach Programmatic Approach

The Conference App
 Manage sessions and speakers
 Automatically send confirmation emails
 Customized user interface with Visualforce Pages
 Upload speaker pictures
 Flickr integration (Apex) to show conference pictures
 Google Maps integration (JS) to show conference hotels
 Companion app (JS + REST) for conference attendees

Free Developer Environment
http://developer.salesforce.com/signup

Lab 1: Install Your Developer Org
http://developer.salesforce.com/signup

Module 2:
Setting Up the Conference App

Salesforce Objects
 Similar to Tables (with more metadata)
 Standard objects out-of-the-box
– Account, Contact, Opportunity, …
 You can add custom fields to standard objects
– Rating__c, Twitter__c, …
 You can create custom objects
– i.e. Speaker__c, Session__c, Hotel__c
 Custom objects have standard fields
– Id, Owner, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, …

Rich Data Types
 Auto Number
 Formula
 Roll-Up Summary
 Lookup
 Master-Detail
 Checkbox
 Currency
 Date
 Picklist (multi
select)
 Text
 Text Area
 Text Area (Long)
 Text Area (Rich)
 Text (Encrypted)
 URL
 Date/Time
 Email
 Geolocation
 Number
 Percent
 Phone
 Picklist

Modeling Many-to-Many Relationships
A speaker can have
many session
assignments
A session can
have many
speaker
assignments

Id
 All objects are given an Id field
 Globally unique Id is assigned at record creation
 "Primary key" used to access records

Record Name
 Human readable / logical identifier
 Text or Auto Number ("Intro to Apex" or SP-00002)
 Uniqueness not enforced

When you create an Object, you get…
 A CRUD user interface
 Instant Mobile App access (Salesforce1)
 A REST API
 Rich Metadata
 Indexed search

Lab 2: Importing the Workshop Assets

Module 3:
Writing Apex Classes

What is Apex?
 Salesforce platform language
 Similar to Java
 Object-oriented
 Strongly typed
 Classes and Interfaces
 Cloud based compiling, debugging and unit testing

Apex and Java
Same
 Primitive data types
 Flow control (if, for, while, …)
 Exception handling
 Collections: Lists, Sets, …
Different
 Case insensitive
 Single quote strings: 'Joe'
 Id data type
 Built-in support for data access

Apex Class
public class MortgageCalculator {
}
public Double amount { get; set; }
public Double rate { get; set; }
public Integer years { get; set; }
public Double calculateMonthlyPayment() {
Integer months = years * 12;
Double monthlyRate = rate / (12 * 100);
return amount * (monthlyRate/
(1 - Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, -months)));
}

Development Tools
 Developer Console
 Force.com IDE (Eclipse Plugin)
 Mavens Mate (Sublime Plugin)
 Force CLI

Developer Console
 Browser Based IDE
 Create Classes, Triggers, Pages
 Execute Apex Anonymously
 Execute SOQL Queries
 Run Unit Tests
 Review Debug Logs

Lab 3: Creating an Apex Class
 Create the EmailManager class
 Send emails from the developer console

Module 4:
Accessing Data with
SOQL and DML

What's SOQL?
 Salesforce Object Query language
 Similar to SQL
 Streamlined syntax to traverse object relationships
 Built into Apex

SELECT Id, Name, Phone
FROM Contact

FROM Contact
WHERE Phone <> null

FROM Contact
WHERE Phone <> null
AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

FROM Contact
WHERE Phone <> null
ORDER BY Name

FROM Contact
WHERE Phone <> null
ORDER BY Name
LIMIT 50

Details to Master
SELECT Id, Name, Phone, Account.Name
FROM Contact
WHERE Phone <> null
ORDER BY Name
LIMIT 50

Master to Details
SELECT Name,
(SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone
FROM Contacts)
FROM Account

Executing SOQL in the Developer Console

Inlining SOQL in Apex
Integer i = [SELECT Count() FROM Session__c];

String level = 'Advanced';
List<Session__c> sessions =
[SELECT Name, Level__c FROM Session__c
WHERE Level__c = :level];

List<String> levels = new List<String>();
levels.add('Intermediate');
levels.add('Advanced');
List<Session__c> sessions =
[SELECT Name, Level__c FROM Session__c
WHERE Level__c IN :levels];

for (Speaker__c s : [SELECT Email__c FROM Speaker__c])
{
System.debug(s.email__c);
}

What's DML?
 Data Manipulation Language
 Language used to create, update, delete records

insert
Session__c session = new Session__c();
session.name = 'Apex 101';
session.level__c = 'Beginner';
insert session;

insert
Session__c session = new Session__c(
name = 'Apex 201',
level__c = 'Intermediate'
);
insert session;

update
String oldName = 'Apex 101';
String newName = 'Apex for Beginners';
Session__c session =
[SELECT Id, Name FROM Session__c
WHERE Name=:oldName];
session.name = newName;
update session;

delete
String name = 'Testing 501';
Session__c session =
[SELECT Name FROM Session__c
WHERE Name=:name];
delete session;

Lab 4: Accessing Data using SOQL and DML
 Execute SOQL statements in the Query Editor
 Execute DML statements in the Anonymous Window

What's a Trigger?
 Apex code executed on database events
 Before or after:
– Insert
– Update
– Delete
– Undelete

Before or After?
 Before
– Update or validate values before they are saved to the database
– Example: Prevent double-booking of a speaker
 After
– Access values set by the database (Id, lastUpdated, …)
– Example: Send speaker confirmation email

Bulk Mode
 Triggers work on lists of records, not single records
 This is to support bulk operations
– Data Import, Bulk API, etc.
 Context variables provide access to old and new values:
– Trigger.old and Trigger.new (List)
– Trigger.oldMap and Trigger.newMap (Map)

Example 1
trigger WelcomeKit on Account (after insert) {
List<Case> cases = new List<Case>();
for (Account account : Trigger.new) {
Case case = new Case();
case.Subject = 'Mail Welcome Kit';
case.Account.Id = account.Id;
cases.add(case);
}
insert cases;
}

Example 2
trigger on Account (before update) {
for (Account acc: Trigger.New) {
// Compare new value with old value
if (acc.Rating != Trigger.oldMap.get(acc.Id).Rating) {
// Your Logic
}
}
}

Workflow vs Trigger
Workflow Trigger
Created with Clicks Code
What can it do • Update field
• Send email
• Create task
• Send outbound message
• Launch flow (flow trigger)
~ Anything (e.g.
create/delete records,
REST callout, etc.)
Cross-object field updates Limited (detail -> master) Any

Lab 5: Writing Triggers
 Write the SendConfirmationEmail trigger
 Write the RejectDoubleBooking trigger

Module 6:
Writing Visualforce Pages

What's a Visualforce Page?
 HTML page with tags executed at the server-side to
generate dynamic content
 Similar to JSP and ASP
 Can leverage JavaScript and CSS libraries
 The View in MVC architecture

Model-View-Controller
Model
Data + Rules
Controller
View-Model
interactions
View
UI code
 Separation of concerns
– No data access code in view
– No view code in controller
 Benefits
– Minimize impact of changes
– More reusable components

Model-View-Controller in Salesforce
View
• Standard Pages
• Visualforce Pages
• External apps
Controller
• Standard Controllers
• Controller Extensions
• Custom Controllers
Model
• Objects
• Triggers (Apex)
• Classes (Apex)

Component Library
 Presentation tags
– <apex:pageBlock title="My Account Contacts">
 Fine grained data tags
– <apex:outputField value="{!contact.firstname}">
– <apex:inputField value="{!contact.firstname}">
 Coarse grained data tags
– <apex:detail>
– <apex:pageBlockTable>
 Action tags
– <apex:commandButton action="{!save}" >

Expression Language
 Anything inside of {! } is evaluated as an expression
 Same expression language as Formulas
 $ provides access to global variables (User,
RemoteAction, Resource, …)
– {! $User.FirstName } {! $User.LastName }

Example 1
<apex:page>
<h1>Hello, {!$User.FirstName}</h1>
</apex:page>

Standard Controller
 A standard controller is available for all objects
– You don't have to write it!
 Provides standard CRUD operations
– Create, Update, Delete, Field Access, etc.
 Can be extended with more capabilities (next module)
 Uses id query string parameter in URL to access object

Example 2
<apex:page standardController="Contact">
<apex:form>
<apex:inputField value="{!contact.firstname}"/>
<apex:inputField value="{!contact.lastname}"/>
<apex:commandButton action="{!save}" value="Save"/>
</apex:form>
</apex:page>
Function in
standard controller
Standard controller
object

Email
Templates
Embedded in Page
Layouts
Generate PDFs
Custom Tabs
Mobile
Interfaces
Page Overrides
Where can I use Visualforce?

Lab 6: Writing Visualforce Pages
 Write the SpeakerForm Visualforce page
 Set it as default for creating and editing speakers

Module 7:
Writing Controller Extensions
and Custom Controllers

What's a Controller Extension?
 Custom class written in Apex
 Works on the same object as the standard controller
 Can override standard controller behavior
 Can add new capabilities

Defining a Controller Extension
<apex:page standardController="Speaker__c"
extensions="SpeakerCtrlExt">
Provides basic
CRUD
Overrides standard
actions and/or provide
additional capabilities

Anatomy of a Controller Extension
public class SpeakerCtrlExt {
private final Speaker__c speaker;
private ApexPages.StandardController stdController;
public SpeakerCtrlExt (ApexPages.StandardController ctrl) {
this.stdController = ctrl;
this.speaker = (Speaker__c)ctrl.getRecord();
}
// method overrides
// custom methods
}

What's a Custom Controller?
 Custom class written in Apex
 Doesn't work on a specific object
 Provides custom data
 Provides custom behaviors

Defining a Custom Controller
<apex:page controller="FlickrController">

Custom Controller Example
public with sharing class FlickrController {
public FlickrList getPictures() {
HttpRequest req = new HttpRequest();
req.setMethod('GET');
req.setEndpoint('http://api.flickr.com/services/feeds/');
HTTP http = new HTTP();
HTTPResponse res = http.send(req);
return (FlickrList) JSON.deserialize(res.getBody(),
FlickrList.class);
}
}

Lab 7: Writing a Controller Extension
 Write a Controller Extension that supports Picture
Upload

Advanced Salesforce
Development Workshop

 Setting Up the Conference Application
 Using JavaScript in Visualforce Pages
 Using the Salesforce1 Platform APIs
 Using Static Resources
 Using Canvas Applications
 Testing
 Batching and Scheduling
Agenda

http://bit.ly/elevate-advanced

Module 3:
Using JavaScript in
Visualforce Pages

Why Use JavaScript?
 Build Engaging User Experiences
 Leverage JavaScript Libraries
 Build Custom Applications

JavaScript in Visualforce Pages
JavaScript Remoting
Remote Objects
(REST)
Visualforce Page

JavaScript Remoting - Server-Side
global with sharing class HotelRemoter {
@RemoteAction
global static List<Hotel__c> findAll() {
return [SELECT Id,
Name,
Location__Latitude__s,
Location__Longitude__s
FROM Hotel__c];
}
}

"global with sharing"?
 global
– Available from outside of the application
 with sharing
– Run code with current user permissions. (Apex code runs in
system context by default -- with access to all objects and fields)

JavaScript Remoting - Visualforce Page
<script>
Visualforce.remoting.Manager.invokeAction(
'{!$RemoteAction.HotelRemoter.findAll}',
function (result, event) {
if (event.status) {
for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
var lat = result[i].Location__Latitude__s;
var lng = result[i].Location__Longitude__s;
addMarker(lat, lng);
}
} else {
alert(event.message);
}
}
);
</script>

Using JavaScript and CSS Libraries
 Hosted elsewhere
<script src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js"></script>
 Hosted in Salesforce
– Upload individual file or Zip file as Static Resource
– Reference asset using special tags
– Covered in Module 5

Lab 3: Using JavaScript in Visualforce Pages
 Write the HotelMap Visualforce Page

When?
Get access to Salesforce data from outside Salesforce:
 Integrate Salesforce in existing apps
 Build consumer apps
 Device integration (Internet of Things)

Mobile SDK Example
REST APIs
OAuth

Browser Cross-Origin Restrictions
REST APIs
app.js
index.html
OAuth
HTTP Server
Cross Origin Policy

Using a Proxy
app.js
index.html
OAuth
REST APIs
HTTP Server
Proxy

https://contact-force.herokuapp.com

Libraries
 ForceJS
– Simple Oauth + REST toolkit without dependency
 ForceTK
– Salesforce REST API Toolkit
 Nforce
– node.js a REST API wrapper
 ngForce
– Visualforce Remoting integration in AngularJS
 JSForce

Lab 4: Using the REST APIs
 Create a consumer app hosted outside Salesforce

Windows Users
After installing Node.js:
1. Add c:Program FilesNodejs to your path
or
Run "C:Program FilesNodejsnpm" install
2. Create an "npm" directory in
C:Users[yourname]AppdataRoaming

Module 5:
Using Static Resources

What are Static Resources?
 Files uploaded to Salesforce instance for use in
Visualforce pages
– .js
– .css
– .jpg, .png, .gif, etc.
 Can be uploaded individually or as archive (.zip or .jar)

Visualforce and HTML Page Generation
 By default, Visualforce generates HTML page elements:
– <html>
– <head>
– <body>
 <apex:> tags ensure corresponding HTML elements are
inserted at the right place
– <apex:stylesheet>
– <apex:includeScript>

Referencing Static Resources
// Single file
<apex:stylesheet value="{!$Resource.bootstrap}"/>
<apex:includeScript value="{!$Resource.jquery}"/>
<apex:image url="{!$Resource.logo}"/>
// ZIP file
<apex:stylesheet value="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'css/main.css')}"/>
<apex:image url="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'img/logo.png')}"/>
<apex:includeScript value="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'js/app.js')}"/>

Controlling HTML Page Generation
 You can also take full control over HTML elements
generation and position:
<apex:page docType="html"
applyHtmlTag="false"
applyBodyTag="false">
 … and use standard HTML tags
– <link rel="stylesheet" href="…">
– <script src="…">

Referencing Static Resources
// Single file
<link href="{!$Resource.bootstrap}" rel="stylesheet"/>
<img src="{!$Resource.logo}"/>
<script src="{!$Resource.jquery}"></script>
// ZIP file
<link href="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'css/main.css')}" rel="stylesheet"/>
<img src="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'img/logo.png')}"/>
<script src="{!URLFOR($Resource.assets, 'js/app.js')}"></script>

Lab 5: Static Resources
 Host single page application in Visualforce page

Module 6:
Using Canvas Applications

What is a Canvas App?
 A web app integrated in your Salesforce environment
 Can be written in any language
– Java, .NET, PHP, Ruby on Rails, Node.js, etc.
 Transparently authenticated
 Context aware (logged in user, current object, etc.)

Use Cases
 Internal App
 Third-Party / Partner App
 External systems with web facade

Where Can It Be Integrated?
 Publisher
 Page Layouts
 Visualforce Pages
 Tabs
 Mobile Cards

Transparent Authentication
 When loading Canvas app, Salesforce instance posts
Base64 encoded data to app endpoint including:
– Authenticated token
– Context (logged in user, current object, etc)
 App decodes data using client secret
 Can use authenticated token to make REST API calls

Node.js example
var decode = require('salesforce-signed-request');
var secret = process.env.CONSUMER_SECRET;
app.post('/signedrequest', function(req, res) {
var signedRequest = req.body.signed_request;
var decodedRequest = decode(signedRequest, secret);
var oauthToken = decodedRequest.client.oauthToken;
var instanceUrl = decodedRequest.client.instanceUrl;
var context = decodedRequest.context;
});

Lab 6: Canvas
 Deploy Node.js web app to Heroku
 Integrate app in Contact page layout

Unit Testing
 Code to test code
 Increases quality and predictability
 Unit test coverage is required to move code to production
– Must have at least 75% of code covered
– Coverage = lines of code exercised by tests / total line of code

Anatomy of a Test Class
@isTest
private class myClass {
static testMethod void myTest() {
// 1. Prepare temporary data
// 2. Start Test
// 3. Execute some code
// 4. Stop Test
// 5. Assert
}
}

Create Temporary Data
Datetime now = System.now();
// Create speaker
Speaker__c sp = new Speaker__c(First_Name__c='Al', Last_Name__c='Smith');
insert sp;
// Create two sessions starting at the same time
Session__c s1 = new Session__c(Name='Session1', Session_Date__c=now);
insert s1;
Session__c s2 = new Session__c(Name='Session2', Session_Date__c=now);
insert s2;
// Book speaker for session1
Session_Speaker__c booking1 =
new Session_Speaker__c(Session__c=s1.Id, Speaker__c=sp.Id);
insert booking1;

Test and Assert
Test.startTest();
// Try to book speaker for session2
Session_Speaker__c booking2=
new Session_Speaker__c(Session__c=s2.Id, Speaker__c=sp.Id);
Database.SaveResult result = Database.insert(booking2, false);
Test.stopTest();
// Insert should fail: can't book same speaker for 2 sessions happening
// at same time
System.assert(!result.isSuccess());

Lab 7: Unit Testing
 Write the TestDoubleBooking class
 Run the test

Module 8:
Batching and Scheduling

What's a Batch?
 Long-running process that runs without manual
intervention
 Started programmatically

Defining a Batch Job
global class SendReminderEmail implements Database.Batchable {
global SendReminderEmail(String query, String subject, String body) {
// Constructor: accept parameters
}
global Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext bc) {
// Select scope (records to process)
}
global void execute(Database.BatchableContext bc, List<Speaker__c> scope) {
// Process data
}
global void finish(Database.BatchableContext bc) {
// Post processing operations
}
}

Running the Batch Job
String q = 'SELECT First_Name__c, Last_Name__c, Email__c ' +
'FROM Speaker__c WHERE Email__c != null';
SendReminderEmail batch = new SendReminderEmail(q,
'Final Reminder', 'The conference starts next Monday');
Database.executeBatch(batch);

What's Scheduled Job?
 Unattended background program execution
 Occurs at a specified time
 Optionally repeated at a specified interval

Defining a Scheduled Job
global class ScheduledEmail implements Schedulable {
global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {
String q = 'SELECT First_Name__c, Last_Name__c, Email__c ' +
'FROM Speaker__c WHERE Email__c != null';
SendReminderEmail batch = new SendReminderEmail(q,
'Final Reminder', 'The conference starts next Monday');
Database.executeBatch(batch);
}
}

Scheduling the Job (using Code)
ScheduledEmail job = new ScheduledEmail();
// Run at 8AM on February 10th
// (Seconds Minutes Hours Day_of_month Month Day_of_week Years)
// Can use wildcards
String schedule = '0 0 8 10 2 ?';
String jobId = System.schedule('Final reminder', schedule, job);

Scheduling the Job (using Clicks)

Lab 8: Batching and Scheduling
 Write the SendReminderEmail class
 Run the batch

Next Steps in Your Developer Journey
 http://developer.salesforce.com
 Developer Forums
 TrailHead
 Webinars and Videos
 Events
 These slides are at http://slidesha.re/14DG6RA

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