C O N F R O N T I N G W H AT O P E N
M E A N S F O R H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N
T H E N E W N O R M ( A L ) :
Bonnie Stewart

@bonstewart
University of Prince Edward Island
ALT-C 2017 #altc
N O R M A L . N O R M ( A L ) . N O R M .
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_deviation_diagram.svg
N O R M ( A L ) C A N =
FA M I L I A R
N O R M ( A L ) C A N 

= G AT E K E E P I N G
O R …
E I T H E R WAY: 



“ N O R M A L ”
D I D N ’ T H E L P
M E H E L P
S T U D E N T S I N
M Y F I R S T
C L A S S R O O M
I P R O P O S E T H AT
N O R M ( A L ) I S N ’ T H E L P I N G
U S I N H I G H E R E D , E I T H E R .
– H E N RY S . H A S K I N S ( 1 9 4 0 )
“Normal is the wrong name often used for average.”
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_deviation_diagram.svg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/7304209@N02/16515490143
M A N Y O F U S L A B O U R F O R F R E E
W I T H I N T H E A C A D E M I C P U B L I S H I N G
S Y S T E M , Y E T W I T H O U T S E C U R E
E M P L O Y M E N T T H AT R E WA R D S S E R V I C E
M A N Y O F U S A R E U N A B L E T O A C C E S S
O R B E N E F I T F R O M T H E C I R C U L AT I O N O F
O U R O W N S C H O L A R LY W O R K , D U E T O
L A C K O F I N S T I T U T I O N A L A F F I L I AT I O N
O R I N S T I T U T I O N A L L I M I TAT I O N O N
J O U R N A L P U R C H A S E .
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jronaldlee/4585127996
NORM(AL):
more students | fewer jobs | more bureaucracy |
increased funding pressures
W E ’ R E G O I N G A B O U T I T 

K I N D A W R O N G .
I F O U R G O A L I S T O M A K E C H A N G E - I N P R A C T I C E S
& K N O W L E D G E C R E AT I O N & E M P O W E R M E N T…
I N S T E A D , O U R T R A J E C T O R I E S O F
C H A N G E S E E M T O I N C R E A S E
I N E Q U A L I T I E S , R AT H E R T H A N P R O T E C T
O R E X PA N D D E M O C R AT I C “ N O R M S . ”
W E L I V E I N A T I M E W H E N
I N S T I T U T I O N S A R E U N D E R T H R E AT
A C A D E M I A I S N O T I M M U N E
L E A R N I N G T E C H N O L O G I E S C A N
D I S R U P T G AT E K E E P I N G
B U T D I S R U P T I O N M AY N O T B E A
M O D E L T H AT C A N P R E S E R V E
I N S T I T U T I O N S
D I S R U P T I O N ≠ L E A R N I N G
W I D E N I N G PA R T I C I PAT I O N H A S
T O B E A B O U T M O R E T H A N
C H A I R S & T E C H
I S O P E N T H E P R O B L E M ? 

I S O P E N T H E S O L U T I O N ?
http://robinderosa.net/uncategorized/open-for-the-public-using-open-education-to-build-a-case-for-public-higher-ed/
- R O B I N D E R O S A , 2 0 1 6
I T M AY B E N E I T H E R .
!
B U T I T I S T H E T R A J E C T O RY T H AT K E E P S H I G H E R
E D F R O M B E I N G M O N O P O L I Z E D B Y O L D F O R M S
O F G AT E K E E P I N G 

& I N S T I T U T I O N S F R O M B E I N G U N D E R M I N E D B Y 

N E W F O R M S .
– M A R T I N W E L L E R , 2 0 1 4
“Openness helps shape the identity…of higher
education in general and its relationship to
society.”
• WAIT.

Open as…anything goes?!?
O P E N A S … L E S S E M P H A S I S
O N G AT E K E E P I N G .
!
O P E N A S … W I T H F E W E R
B A R R I E R S .
O P E N A S … L E A R N I N G T O 

E N G A G E B E Y O N D O U R S I L O S
https://www.flickr.com/photos/docsearls/5500714140
A B U N D A N C E
"For the first time in human history, two related propositions are
true. One, it no longer is possible to store within the human
brain all of the information that a human needs.
Second, it no longer is necessary to store within the human brain
all of the information that humans need.
Education needs to be geared toward the handling of data
rather than the accumulation of data.”
– D AV I D B E R L O , 1 9 7 5
O P E N A S PA R T I C I PAT O RY, 

N E T W O R K E D E N G A G E M E N T
https://plus.google.com/+DaveGray/posts/CQRVeKEsUvF?pid=5751686447270321954&oid=117373186752666867801
O P E N A S
B R E A K I N G
D O W N B I N A R I E S
& B O U N D A R I E S
• …While confronting 

the decline of pet prestige economies.
… A N D
C O N F R O N T I N G
T H E
C O R P O R AT E
P L AT F O R M S
O P E N R E L I E S
U P O N .
O P E N A S A D A P T I V E C H A N G E
S O . H O W D O W E C O N F R O N T
T H E WAT E R W E S W I M I N ?
H O W D O W E C O N F R O N T
W H AT O P E N M E A N S F O R
H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N ?
W E N E E D A M O D E L .
– J O H N N Y A P P L E S E E D
photo credit: Dawn Detweiler
photo credit: Dawn Detweiler
H O W W E S E E D E P E N D S
O N W H E R E W E S TA N D .
A N E W ( O L D ) M O D E L F O R O P E N P R A C T I C E - HARAWAY’S
CYBORG
(1985)
– D O N N A H A R A WAY, 1 9 8 8
“The view from a body…a complex, contradictory,
structuring, and structured body…situated
knowledges allow us to become answerable for
what we learn how to see.”
photo credit: Neil Kramer
T H E C Y B O R G , C O N F R O N T E D
T H E C Y B O R G I S A F I G U R E
O F S U B V E R S I O N
“The main trouble with cyborgs, of course, is that they
are the illegitimate offspring of militarism and patriarchal
capitalism, not to mention state socialism. But
illegitimate offspring are often exceedingly unfaithful to
their origins. Their fathers, after all, are inessential.”
– D O N N A H A R A WAY, 1 9 9 1
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unknown_engraver_-_Humani_Victus_Instrumenta_-_Ars_Coquinaria_-_WGA23954.jpg
!
• ironic & faithful, “as
blasphemy is faithful”
!
• always hybrid
!
• not born of purity or
innocence
!
• ties of affinity rather
than identity
W H AT I S T H E C Y B O R G O F O U R
E D - T E C H E R A B O R N F R O M ?
“””Those within the academy
become very skilled at judging
the stuff of reputations.
!
Where has the person’s work
been published, what claims
of priority in discovery have

they established, how often
have they been cited, how
and where reviewed, what 

prizes won, what institutional
ties earned, what
organizations led?” 

W
– J O H N W I L L I N S K Y, 2 0 1 0
– M I K E C A U L F I E L D , 2 0 1 7
“As the financial model of the web formed around
the twin pillars of advertising and monetization of
personal data, things went awry.”
Big data & big surveillance
FA I T H F U L T O …
W H AT W O U L D T H E
C Y B O R G D O F R O M
H E R E ?
( W W T C D ? )
http://www.longviewoneducation.org/social-media-isnt-for-learning/
– B E N J A M I N D O X D AT O R , 2 0 1 7
#antigonish2
N O T H I N G G O E S B A C K I N
PA N D O R A’ S B O X
O P E N M E A N S B E L I E V I N G W E C A N D O
S O M E T H I N G G O O D F R O M T H AT.
!
!
T H A N K Y O U .
@bonstewart

The New Norm(al): Confronting What Open Means for Higher Education

  • 1.
    C O NF R O N T I N G W H AT O P E N M E A N S F O R H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N T H E N E W N O R M ( A L ) : Bonnie Stewart
 @bonstewart University of Prince Edward Island ALT-C 2017 #altc
  • 2.
    N O RM A L . N O R M ( A L ) . N O R M .
  • 3.
  • 4.
    N O RM ( A L ) C A N = FA M I L I A R
  • 5.
    N O RM ( A L ) C A N 
 = G AT E K E E P I N G O R …
  • 6.
    E I TH E R WAY: 
 
 “ N O R M A L ” D I D N ’ T H E L P M E H E L P S T U D E N T S I N M Y F I R S T C L A S S R O O M
  • 7.
    I P RO P O S E T H AT N O R M ( A L ) I S N ’ T H E L P I N G U S I N H I G H E R E D , E I T H E R .
  • 8.
    – H EN RY S . H A S K I N S ( 1 9 4 0 ) “Normal is the wrong name often used for average.” https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_deviation_diagram.svg
  • 9.
  • 10.
    M A NY O F U S L A B O U R F O R F R E E W I T H I N T H E A C A D E M I C P U B L I S H I N G S Y S T E M , Y E T W I T H O U T S E C U R E E M P L O Y M E N T T H AT R E WA R D S S E R V I C E
  • 11.
    M A NY O F U S A R E U N A B L E T O A C C E S S O R B E N E F I T F R O M T H E C I R C U L AT I O N O F O U R O W N S C H O L A R LY W O R K , D U E T O L A C K O F I N S T I T U T I O N A L A F F I L I AT I O N O R I N S T I T U T I O N A L L I M I TAT I O N O N J O U R N A L P U R C H A S E .
  • 12.
    https://www.flickr.com/photos/jronaldlee/4585127996 NORM(AL): more students |fewer jobs | more bureaucracy | increased funding pressures
  • 13.
    W E ’R E G O I N G A B O U T I T 
 K I N D A W R O N G . I F O U R G O A L I S T O M A K E C H A N G E - I N P R A C T I C E S & K N O W L E D G E C R E AT I O N & E M P O W E R M E N T…
  • 14.
    I N ST E A D , O U R T R A J E C T O R I E S O F C H A N G E S E E M T O I N C R E A S E I N E Q U A L I T I E S , R AT H E R T H A N P R O T E C T O R E X PA N D D E M O C R AT I C “ N O R M S . ”
  • 15.
    W E LI V E I N A T I M E W H E N I N S T I T U T I O N S A R E U N D E R T H R E AT
  • 18.
    A C AD E M I A I S N O T I M M U N E
  • 19.
    L E AR N I N G T E C H N O L O G I E S C A N D I S R U P T G AT E K E E P I N G
  • 20.
    B U TD I S R U P T I O N M AY N O T B E A M O D E L T H AT C A N P R E S E R V E I N S T I T U T I O N S
  • 22.
    D I SR U P T I O N ≠ L E A R N I N G
  • 23.
    W I DE N I N G PA R T I C I PAT I O N H A S T O B E A B O U T M O R E T H A N C H A I R S & T E C H
  • 24.
    I S OP E N T H E P R O B L E M ? 
 I S O P E N T H E S O L U T I O N ? http://robinderosa.net/uncategorized/open-for-the-public-using-open-education-to-build-a-case-for-public-higher-ed/ - R O B I N D E R O S A , 2 0 1 6
  • 25.
    I T MAY B E N E I T H E R . ! B U T I T I S T H E T R A J E C T O RY T H AT K E E P S H I G H E R E D F R O M B E I N G M O N O P O L I Z E D B Y O L D F O R M S O F G AT E K E E P I N G 
 & I N S T I T U T I O N S F R O M B E I N G U N D E R M I N E D B Y 
 N E W F O R M S .
  • 26.
    – M AR T I N W E L L E R , 2 0 1 4 “Openness helps shape the identity…of higher education in general and its relationship to society.”
  • 27.
  • 29.
    O P EN A S … L E S S E M P H A S I S O N G AT E K E E P I N G . ! O P E N A S … W I T H F E W E R B A R R I E R S .
  • 30.
    O P EN A S … L E A R N I N G T O 
 E N G A G E B E Y O N D O U R S I L O S https://www.flickr.com/photos/docsearls/5500714140
  • 31.
    A B UN D A N C E "For the first time in human history, two related propositions are true. One, it no longer is possible to store within the human brain all of the information that a human needs. Second, it no longer is necessary to store within the human brain all of the information that humans need. Education needs to be geared toward the handling of data rather than the accumulation of data.” – D AV I D B E R L O , 1 9 7 5
  • 32.
    O P EN A S PA R T I C I PAT O RY, 
 N E T W O R K E D E N G A G E M E N T https://plus.google.com/+DaveGray/posts/CQRVeKEsUvF?pid=5751686447270321954&oid=117373186752666867801
  • 33.
    O P EN A S B R E A K I N G D O W N B I N A R I E S & B O U N D A R I E S
  • 34.
    • …While confronting
 the decline of pet prestige economies.
  • 35.
    … A ND C O N F R O N T I N G T H E C O R P O R AT E P L AT F O R M S O P E N R E L I E S U P O N .
  • 37.
    O P EN A S A D A P T I V E C H A N G E
  • 38.
    S O .H O W D O W E C O N F R O N T T H E WAT E R W E S W I M I N ?
  • 39.
    H O WD O W E C O N F R O N T W H AT O P E N M E A N S F O R H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N ?
  • 40.
    W E NE E D A M O D E L .
  • 41.
    – J OH N N Y A P P L E S E E D photo credit: Dawn Detweiler
  • 42.
  • 43.
    H O WW E S E E D E P E N D S O N W H E R E W E S TA N D .
  • 44.
    A N EW ( O L D ) M O D E L F O R O P E N P R A C T I C E - HARAWAY’S CYBORG (1985)
  • 45.
    – D ON N A H A R A WAY, 1 9 8 8 “The view from a body…a complex, contradictory, structuring, and structured body…situated knowledges allow us to become answerable for what we learn how to see.” photo credit: Neil Kramer
  • 46.
    T H EC Y B O R G , C O N F R O N T E D
  • 47.
    T H EC Y B O R G I S A F I G U R E O F S U B V E R S I O N
  • 48.
    “The main troublewith cyborgs, of course, is that they are the illegitimate offspring of militarism and patriarchal capitalism, not to mention state socialism. But illegitimate offspring are often exceedingly unfaithful to their origins. Their fathers, after all, are inessential.” – D O N N A H A R A WAY, 1 9 9 1
  • 49.
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unknown_engraver_-_Humani_Victus_Instrumenta_-_Ars_Coquinaria_-_WGA23954.jpg ! • ironic &faithful, “as blasphemy is faithful” ! • always hybrid ! • not born of purity or innocence ! • ties of affinity rather than identity
  • 50.
    W H ATI S T H E C Y B O R G O F O U R E D - T E C H E R A B O R N F R O M ?
  • 51.
    “””Those within theacademy become very skilled at judging the stuff of reputations. ! Where has the person’s work been published, what claims of priority in discovery have
 they established, how often have they been cited, how and where reviewed, what 
 prizes won, what institutional ties earned, what organizations led?” 
 W – J O H N W I L L I N S K Y, 2 0 1 0
  • 52.
    – M IK E C A U L F I E L D , 2 0 1 7 “As the financial model of the web formed around the twin pillars of advertising and monetization of personal data, things went awry.” Big data & big surveillance
  • 53.
    FA I TH F U L T O …
  • 54.
    W H ATW O U L D T H E C Y B O R G D O F R O M H E R E ? ( W W T C D ? )
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
    N O TH I N G G O E S B A C K I N PA N D O R A’ S B O X
  • 58.
    O P EN M E A N S B E L I E V I N G W E C A N D O S O M E T H I N G G O O D F R O M T H AT. ! ! T H A N K Y O U . @bonstewart