Software Tools for Building Industry 4.0 Applications

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Pankesh Patel
SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR BUILDING INDUSTY 4.0
APPLICATIONS

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n Motivation
n Industry 4.0 Challenges
n Our approach
n Middleware
n Rapid Application development tools
n Technology and Tools
n Node-RED
n SMEWB
n IoTSuite
n Summary and Q&A
Agenda

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Industry 4.0 challenges
Fragmentation
Complexity
Lock-in
Slide source: https://bit.ly/2OcsLLH

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n Sensor Protocols
n CANBus
n OPC-UA
n MODBus
n BLE
Fragmentation
n Hardware
n ABB
n Siemens
n Intel
n Standards
n IIC
n oneM2M
n IEEE
n Protocols to
cloud
n MQTT
n CoAP
n AMQP
n HTTP(s)

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n Multiple domain
n Domain
n Network
n Functional
Complexity
n Integration
n Heterogeneous
environment
n Security
n Data
n Sensor
n Network
n Maintenance
n Deployment
n Install
n Configuration
n Scale
n Large number

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n Platform
Lock-in
n Hardware n Protocol(s)
n Format
n Communication

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Embracing Industry 4.0 complexity
Business
Applications
Sensors,
Actuators,
Displays, …
?
@
How to accelerate the overall Industry 4.0 development process?

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Addressing Industry 4.0 challenges
Fragmentation
Complexity
Lock-in
OPEN, STANDARD, SOLID ARCHITECTURES
✔
✔
✔

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Approach
Business
Applications
@
Integration Platform
@
Rapid prototyping tools
Sensors, Actuators,
HMI, SCADA, PLC
Image reference: https://bit.ly/2OcsLLH

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Brownfield vs Greenfield approach
Image source: https://iot.eclipse.org/white-papers/

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State of the art – Industry 4.0 application development
Programming
Languages
Rapid prototyping tools
Cloud
- Full control on AL (app logic)
- More development effort
- Reduce development effort
- Platform-specific design (Language, Runtime)
- Reduce development effort, ease of deployment & evolution (due
to centralized system)
- Cloud-dependent design

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n Open source tools (https://github.com/node-red)
n Flow-based programming
n Browser-based flow editor
n Invented by IBM for wiring hardware devices, APIs and online services
n Light-weight runtime such as Node.js
n Ideal to run on edge devices
n Over 2500+ ready-to-use nodes/flows
n https://flows.nodered.org/
Rapid prototyping tool – Node-RED
Reference: https://nodered.org/

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Node-Red Editor
Image source: https://bit.ly/2NvRR38

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Integration – enhancing existing services
Node-RED
Cloud services
Desktop
Mobile App
Enterprise
network
Industrial devices
Reference: https://bit.ly/2xwj0xP Icon source : https://thenounproject.com/

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Example: Node-RED integration with Freeboard
Image source: https://bit.ly/2NvRR38
Freeboard (https://freeboard.io/)
- Data visualization based service

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Brownfield approach
SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT WORKBENCH

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n Objectives
n To create, reuse, and deploy analytic algorithms in ABB products and solutions
with little or no additional coding.
n Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) – domain expertise but very little programming
experience
n Assignee : ABB Corporate Research
n Reference
n Karen Smiley, Pankesh Patel, Jeff Harding “From Ideas to Implementations: Closing the Gaps between
Technical Experts and Software Solutions”, CSED Workshop, ICSE 2016.
General background

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n ABB - industrial sensors, industrial robots, process control systems, etc.
n Blending business solutions with industrial analytics that incorporate deep
knowledge of ABB’s technical SMEs on equipment and verticals
Motivation and Context

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n Accelerate creation, reuse, evolution and delivery of
analytic module plugins
n Minimize SME (Subject Matter Expert) effort to
share, evolve and reuse knowledge
n Accelerate integration of analytics into ABB systems
and solutions
n Minimize business value of knowledge for ABB
customers
Key goals

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The old lifecycle: solution development
Installation
and
Configuration
of Integrated
Solution
Run Time!
Customer/User
Solution Development
(Application Engineering)
Full Software Development
Lifecycle
Solution
Solution
Development Team
• Typical solution development scenario:
Solution Development Team work across the
full development life cycle

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The old lifecycle: solution & analytic development
Installation
and
Configuration
of Integrated
Solution
Run Time!
Customer/User
Lifecycle
Solution
Solution
Development Team
Subject Matter
Experts (SMEs) Analytic Module
Development
Blending business solutions and analytics, SMEs write application logic in a flowchart diagram and hire a
developer. The developer iterate with SMEs to get the logic right.

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The old lifecycle: integrating analytics into solutions
Installation
and
Configuration
of Integrated
Solution
Run Time!
Customer/User
Lifecycle
Solution
Solution
Development Team
Subject Matter
Development
Analytic Module
integration & validation
Validation of integrated
solution
To integrate the analytic module into a solution, the developer iterate with the solution team until they
get it working

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Installation
and
Configuration
of Integrated
Solution
Run Time!
Customer/User
Lifecycle
Solution
Solution
Development Team
Subject Matter
Development
Analytic Module
solution
Months Later

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Installation
and
Configuration
of Integrated
Solution
Run Time!
Customer/User
Lifecycle
Solution
Solution
Development Team
Subject Matter
Development
Analytic Module
solution
Decouple Solutions & Analytics
Empower SMEs as end-user developer

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n Drag & Drop to develop analytic modules,
n Reuse existing models from a catalog / MATLAB
Creating an analytic model using SME Workbench

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Deploying an analytic model
Analytic module integration is supported via
solution-specific SME Workbench extensions

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Greenfield approach
IOTSUITE: A TOOLKIT FOR PROTOTYPING INTERENT OF
THINGS APPLICATIONS

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Motivation
Different types of devices,
Platforms, Runtime systems
Heterogeneity
Node-centric programming
- Large number of devices

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n Separation of Concerns (reusability)
n Integration of existing DSL (reduce
complexity & effort)
n Automation wherever possible (reduce
effort)
n Macroprogramming
Our approach
Code generators
PIM
PSM
Node
PSM
…
C1 C2 Cn
…
Horizontal Separation of
Concerns
Vertical Separation of
Concerns
PIM – Platform Independent Model
PSM – Platform Specific Model

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IoTSuite: Overview
Domain Spec. Functional
Spec.
Deployment Spec.
Compiler Deployment Module
Generated Programming
Framework (GPL)
Android
Packages
Node.js
Packages
Java
Packages
Developer
Developer
Application
Logic (GPL)
Sensing/Actuating
Framework

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IoTSuite Code Editor
Syntax Coloring
IoTSuite Project
Outline / Structure View
Code Folding
Auto Completion
Error Checking

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IoTSuite architecture framework
Generated Architecture
Framework
Framework to write
application logic
Developer implements
interfaces in GPL to write
application logic

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IoTSuite User interaction generated framework
Generated User
Interaction Framework
Developer implements
interfaces in GPL to write user
interface logic

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IoTSuite deployment packages
Deployment Packages
for Android Platform
Deployment Packages
for Java Platform
Deployment Packages
for Node.js Platform
PackageName = [Implementation Platform] [DeviceName][“Device”]
Example: [NodeJS][TemperatureMgmt][“Device”]

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IoTSuite: Platform Independent
Parser
Code generator
IoTSuite
Domain Spec. Architecture Spec. Deployment Spec.
JavaSE Android Node Python Other
System specification
(Platform independent)
Adding a new platform
as a plugin
Code generation of a
framework in a target
platform
ANTLR, a parser
generator from a
grammar
StringTemplate, a
template engine for
generating source
code

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IoTSuite: Platform independent
Runtime System
Device
Middleware wrapper
Generated code
For Device X
It runs on each individual device & provide
support for executing distributed tasks.
IoTSuite generates code for a device
It plugs “generated code for a device” & runtime
system. It implements interface specified in a
support library, specific to a runtime system.
Support for MQTT & iBICOOP,

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n Industry 4.0 software development challenges
n Fragmentation, Complexity, Lock-in
n Approach
n Middleware to abstract complexity
n Rapid application development tools to speed up innovation, prototypig
n Industry 4.0 technologies
n Node-RED – rapid prototyping toolset
n SMEWB - Closing the Gaps between Technical Experts and Software Solutions
n IoTSuite – a toolkit for prototyping Industry 4.0 applications
Summary

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Contact…
Pankesh Patel, PhD
Senior Research Scientist,
Fraunhofer USA/ Center for Experimental Software Engineering (CESE),
College Park, Maryland, USA.
Mobile: +1 240-302-3609, Fax: 240 487 2960
Email: ppatel@fc-md.umd.edu / ppatel@cese.fraunhofer.org

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Example: reading data from sensors
var sensorLib = require('node-dht-sensor');
var mqtt=require('mqtt');
var client=mqtt.connect('mqtt://test.mosquitto.org:1883');
var sensor = {
initialize: function () {
// here GPIO4 means pin7 and DHT22 type of sensor
return sensorLib.initialize(22, 4);
},
read: function () {
var readout = sensorLib.read();
var value={"tempValue":readout.temperature.toFixed(2),
, "humidityValue":readout.humidity.toFixed(2)};
client.publish('sensorMeasurement',JSON.stringify(value));
setTimeout(function () {
sensor.read();
}, 5000);
} };
if (sensor.initialize()) {
sensor.read(); } else { console.warn('Failed to initialize sensor');
}
APIs to read temperature values
Publishing sensed value
Connecting to MQTT Protocol

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High-level view of cloud approach
Web APIs
Cloud Service
Data
Visualization
Storage Data
Analysis Security
Mobile
app
Client
browser
command
receive
periodic data send
command
send
notifications
Web APIs

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Example: software as a service
n Azure ML
n SMEWB
n Eclipse Kura wires
n Node-RED
n Microsoft Accelerator?
n IoTSuite

Software Tools for Building Industry 4.0 Applications

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