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Oracle/SQL For Beginners - DDL | DML | DCL | TCL - Quick Learning
This document provides an overview of SQL and its main components: DDL, DML, DCL, and TCL. SQL is the standard language used to communicate with databases and perform tasks like updating and retrieving data. DDL commands like CREATE and ALTER are used to define the database structure. DML commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE manage the data within database objects. DCL commands like GRANT and REVOKE manage user privileges. Finally, TCL commands like COMMIT and ROLLBACK manage transactions and allow grouping of statements.
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Oracle/SQL For Beginners - DDL | DML | DCL | TCL - Quick Learning
- 1. SQL Session forBeginners Understanding DDL |DML | DCL |TCL Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
- 2. SQL • SQL (pronounced"ess-que-el") stands for Structured Query Language. SQL is used to communicate with a database. According to ANSI (American National Standards Institute), it is the standard language for relational database management systems. SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as update data on a database, or retrieve data from a database. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
- 3. DDL • Data DefinitionLanguage (DDL) statements are used to define the database structure or schema. Commands: 1) CREATE - to create objects in the database 2) ALTER - alters the structure of the database 3) DROP - delete objects from the database 4) TRUNCATE - remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed 5) RENAME - rename an object Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
- 4. DML • Data ManipulationLanguage (DML) statements are used for managing data within schema objects. Commands: 1) SELECT - retrieve data from the a database 2) INSERT - insert data into a table 3) UPDATE - updates existing data within a table 4) DELETE - deletes all records from a table, the space for the records remain 5) MERGE - UPSERT operation (insert or update) Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
- 5. DCL • Data ControlLanguage (DCL) statements. Commands: 1) GRANT - gives user's access privileges to database 2) REVOKE - withdraw access privileges given with the GRANT command Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
- 6. TCL • Transaction Control(TCL) statements are used to manage the changes made by DML statements. It allows statements to be grouped together into logical transactions. Commands: 1) COMMIT - save work done 2) SAVEPOINT - identify a point in a transaction to which you can later roll back 3) ROLLBACK - restore database to original since the last COMMIT Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
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