Uploaded byMohamed Essam
Introduction to computer science ch1
This document provides an introduction to computer science concepts. It discusses how computers have become ubiquitous in modern life and allows many activities to occur. It defines what a computer is and explains that computer science studies how computers work. It also defines key concepts like programs, hardware, software, programmers, algorithms, binary systems, registers, bytes and bits.
More Related Content
Similar to Introduction to computer science ch1
More from Mohamed Essam
Introduction to computer science ch1
- 1. Introduction to Computer Science ByMohamed Essam mhmd96.essam@gmail.com
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING Computershave become a ubiquitous feature of modern life. It would be difficult to get through a day without some activity involving a computer, be it composing e-mail on a computer sitting on a desk, using a computer hidden inside a cell phone, or receiving a bill generated by a computer at the power company. Computer science allows all these activities to happen.
- 3. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING Acomputer is an electronic device for performing logical and mathematical operations based on its programs. The term includes not only the obvious electronic devices that have a screen, keyboard, printer, and so on, but also computers that are embedded into devices like those at supermarket checkout counters or in DVD players. What makes computers interesting and powerful is that they can be given arbitrary sets of instructions to perform.
- 4. Example of differentkinds of computers
- 5. But what iscomputer science? It sounds simple enough—computer science is a branch of science that studies computers. But not everyone who works with computers is a computer scientist. The use and development of computers comprises a number of overlapping disciplines.
- 6. What is aprogram? A program is a series of steps to accomplish a given task. In general usage, a program might refer to everyday instructions, written in English, such as instructions to change a tire or register for a college class. In computer science, however, the term “program” refers to a series of steps given to a computer.
- 7. What is aprogram?
- 8. What is aprogram? A program is a series of steps to accomplish a given task. In general usage, a program might refer to everyday instructions, written in English, such as instructions to change a tire or register for a college class. In computer science, however, the term “program” refers to a series of steps given to a computer.
- 9. What is aHardware? Hardware refers to all the physical devices that make up a computer system, both those inside the computer “case” and those outside the case, like monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
- 10. What is aSoftware ? Software refers to the programs the computer executes. For example, the word processor Microsoft Word, or the computer game “Half-Life,” is software, as is a program that enables a cell phone display so the user can select a new ring- tone. By analogy, when you play a movie in a DVD player, the movie is the software and the player is the hardware.
- 11. What is aProgrammer ? A programmer is someone who creates programs.
- 12. What computer Scienceabout? Computer science is about Problem solving
- 13. inputs → →outputs
- 14.
- 15. What Algorithm is? Analgorithm is a set of instructions for solving a problem or accomplishing a task. common example of an algorithm is a recipe
- 16.
- 17.
- 18. The Abacus The firstefforts toward mechanical assistance aided in counting, not computation. An abacus is a mechanical device with beads sliding on rods, which is used as a counting device. It dates to at least the Roman Empire, and its ancestor, the counting board, was in use as far back as 500 B.C. The abacus is considered a counting device because all the computation is still done by the person using the device. The abacus did show, however, that a machine could be used to store numbers.
- 19.
- 20. decimal 0, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Base 10 Decimal 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Base 10
- 21. decimal 0, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Base 10 1 2 3
- 22. decimal 0, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Base 10 1 2 3 100 10 1
- 23. Base 10 1 23 1x100 + 2x10 + 3x1 100 10 1
- 24. Binary System Computers areelectronic machines. Essentially everything they do involves turning electrical switches off or on. It’s difficult at first to imagine that everything computers are capable of grows from this basic principle. To see how, you need to understand the concept of a binary system.
- 25. Binary System Binary meanshaving two states. In the computer’s case, the two states are off or on. The trick to understanding binary is seeing how a series of these “off” and “on” states can represent any data you can think of.
- 26. 4 2 1 11 1
- 27.
- 28. Bytes and bit bitsand bytes are both units of data, but what is the actual difference between them? One byte is equivalent to eight bits. A bit is considered to be the smallest unit of data
- 29.
- 30.
Editor's Notes
- #6 يتألف استخدام وتطوير أجهزة الكمبيوتر من عدد من التخصصات المتداخلة.