Download as PDF, PPTX
![Image
Manifests
{
"schemaVersion": 2,
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json",
"manifests": [
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2094,
"digest": "sha256:7820f9a86d4ad15a2c4f0c0e5479298df2aa7c2f6871288e2ef8546f3e7b6783",
"platform": {
"architecture": "ppc64le",
"os": "linux"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 1922,
"digest": "sha256:ae1b0e06e8ade3a11267564a26e750585ba2259c0ecab59ab165ad1af41d1bdd",
"platform": {
"architecture": "amd64",
"os": "linux",
"features": [
"sse"
]
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2084,
"digest": "sha256:e4c0df75810b953d6717b8f8f28298d73870e8aa2a0d5e77b8391f16fdfbbbe2",
"platform": {
"architecture": "s390x",
"os": "linux"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2084,
"digest": "sha256:07ebe243465ef4a667b78154ae6c3ea46fdb1582936aac3ac899ea311a701b40",
"platform": {
"architecture": "arm",
"os": "linux",
"variant": "armv7"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2090,
"digest": "sha256:fb2fc0707b86dafa9959fe3d29e66af8787aee4d9a23581714be65db4265ad8a",
"platform": {
"architecture": "arm64",
"os": "linux",
"variant": "armv8"
}
Index (Manifest List)
linux amd64
linux ppc64le
windows amd64
Manifests:
Manifest
linux arm64
Layers:
Config:
L0
L1
Ln
Root Filesystem
/usr
/bin
/dev
/etc
/home
/lib
C
OCI Runtime Spec
process
args
env
cwd
…
root
mounts](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/65one1wgsgbikys9hvgg-signature-489da668bf3c61b23eb03fb423ab2ad7c1229ab1d093aedca05b1c3ce037544b-poli-171025011646/75/Docker-Multi-arch-All-The-Things-9-2048.jpg)
![Multi-arch: Swarm support
> Placement Engine
● Reads manifest list’s platform
entries
● Matches engine nodes with
platforms supported
> Docker Compose
● Can specify manual
constraints in YAML
"Placement": {
"Constraints": [
"node.platform.arch == s390x"
],
"Platforms": [
{
"Architecture": "amd64",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "arm",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "arm64",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "ppc64le",
"OS": "linux"
},
docker service inspect](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/65one1wgsgbikys9hvgg-signature-489da668bf3c61b23eb03fb423ab2ad7c1229ab1d093aedca05b1c3ce037544b-poli-171025011646/75/Docker-Multi-arch-All-The-Things-17-2048.jpg)
![Image
Manifests
{
"schemaVersion": 2,
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json",
"manifests": [
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2094,
"digest": "sha256:7820f9a86d4ad15a2c4f0c0e5479298df2aa7c2f6871288e2ef8546f3e7b6783",
"platform": {
"architecture": "ppc64le",
"os": "linux"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 1922,
"digest": "sha256:ae1b0e06e8ade3a11267564a26e750585ba2259c0ecab59ab165ad1af41d1bdd",
"platform": {
"architecture": "amd64",
"os": "linux",
"features": [
"sse"
]
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2084,
"digest": "sha256:e4c0df75810b953d6717b8f8f28298d73870e8aa2a0d5e77b8391f16fdfbbbe2",
"platform": {
"architecture": "s390x",
"os": "linux"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2084,
"digest": "sha256:07ebe243465ef4a667b78154ae6c3ea46fdb1582936aac3ac899ea311a701b40",
"platform": {
"architecture": "arm",
"os": "linux",
"variant": "armv7"
}
},
{
"mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json",
"size": 2090,
"digest": "sha256:fb2fc0707b86dafa9959fe3d29e66af8787aee4d9a23581714be65db4265ad8a",
"platform": {
"architecture": "arm64",
"os": "linux",
"variant": "armv8"
}
Index (Manifest List)
linux amd64
linux ppc64le
windows amd64
Manifests:
Manifest
linux arm64
Layers:
Config:
L0
L1
Ln
Root Filesystem
/usr
/bin
/dev
/etc
/home
/lib
C
OCI Runtime Spec
process
args
env
cwd
…
root
mounts](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/65one1wgsgbikys9hvgg-signature-489da668bf3c61b23eb03fb423ab2ad7c1229ab1d093aedca05b1c3ce037544b-poli-171025011646/75/Docker-Multi-arch-All-The-Things-9-2048.jpg)
![Multi-arch: Swarm support
> Placement Engine
● Reads manifest list’s platform
entries
● Matches engine nodes with
platforms supported
> Docker Compose
● Can specify manual
constraints in YAML
"Placement": {
"Constraints": [
"node.platform.arch == s390x"
],
"Platforms": [
{
"Architecture": "amd64",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "arm",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "arm64",
"OS": "linux"
},
{
"Architecture": "ppc64le",
"OS": "linux"
},
docker service inspect](https://crownmelresort.com/image.slidesharecdn.com/65one1wgsgbikys9hvgg-signature-489da668bf3c61b23eb03fb423ab2ad7c1229ab1d093aedca05b1c3ce037544b-poli-171025011646/75/Docker-Multi-arch-All-The-Things-17-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byDocker, Inc.
Docker Multi-arch All The Things
The document discusses Docker's support for multiple CPU architectures and operating systems through multi-architecture container images and orchestration. It explains how Docker images are tied to a specific OS and CPU, requiring multi-arch images to run universally. It demonstrates building and distributing multi-arch images, and how Docker Swarm and Compose support placement and constraints for multi-arch orchestration. It concludes that maintaining multi-arch images takes effort but provides portability, and that Docker EE supports orchestrating Linux, Windows, IBM Z and Power systems through one interface.
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Docker Multi-arch All The Things
- 1. Docker: Multi-arch All The Things PhilEstes IBM Cloud @estesp Michael Friis Docker, Inc. @friism
- 2. Agenda ● Docker Engineacross Multiple CPU and OS Platforms ● Container Images for Multiple Platforms and Architectures ● Multi-Architecture Orchestration linux/amd64 linux/arm64 linux/arm linux/s390x linux/ppc64le windows/amd64
- 3. Multi-arch in action! $docker run golang go version Go version go1.9.1 <os/arch> $ * https://blog.docker.com/2017/09/docker-official-images-now-multi-platform/
- 4. Docker Platform Expansion 20142015 2016 2017 2013-14 Docker on x86_64 April 2015: Docker client on Windows June 2015: Docker engine on Raspberry Pi (ARMv5), z13 (s390x mainframe), and Power Systems June 2016: Docker engine in Windows 10 Preview April 2017: Docker EE official support for IBM z/LinuxONE and Power Systems Go runtime porting to s390x, ppc64le, improvements to ARM/other embedded CPUs 2014-2015
- 5. Why do wecare? > Docker runs across many operating environments/CPU architectures > Portability and ease of use are core Docker tenets Goal: Building and running applications on Docker should works the same anywhere!
- 6. Container Images for DifferentPlatforms
- 7. Containers != VMs Containers: ●Do not virtualize hardware or kernel ○ Great for performance and density ○ But, stuck with host CPU/kernel ● Can’t “emulate” CPU arch capability** ○ Can’t run Windows containers on Linux host ○ or z/Linux containers on x86_64 Linux host ** caveat: qemu “binfmt” support on Linux We must build multi-arch images Docker Hub nginx microsoft/iis
- 8. Manifest lists Required: imagetype support for per-platform images ● The Docker v2.2 image spec met this requirement (Jan 2016) ● Included a new media type: “v2 manifest list” A manifest list contains platform segregated references to single-platform manifest entries $ docker run mplatform/mquery golang Image: golang * Manifest List: Yes * Supported platforms: - amd64/linux - arm/linux (variant: v7) - arm64/linux (variant: v8) - 386/linux - ppc64le/linux - s390x/linux
- 9. Image Manifests { "schemaVersion": 2, "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json", "manifests":[ { "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json", "size": 2094, "digest": "sha256:7820f9a86d4ad15a2c4f0c0e5479298df2aa7c2f6871288e2ef8546f3e7b6783", "platform": { "architecture": "ppc64le", "os": "linux" } }, { "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json", "size": 1922, "digest": "sha256:ae1b0e06e8ade3a11267564a26e750585ba2259c0ecab59ab165ad1af41d1bdd", "platform": { "architecture": "amd64", "os": "linux", "features": [ "sse" ] } }, { "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json", "size": 2084, "digest": "sha256:e4c0df75810b953d6717b8f8f28298d73870e8aa2a0d5e77b8391f16fdfbbbe2", "platform": { "architecture": "s390x", "os": "linux" } }, { "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json", "size": 2084, "digest": "sha256:07ebe243465ef4a667b78154ae6c3ea46fdb1582936aac3ac899ea311a701b40", "platform": { "architecture": "arm", "os": "linux", "variant": "armv7" } }, { "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json", "size": 2090, "digest": "sha256:fb2fc0707b86dafa9959fe3d29e66af8787aee4d9a23581714be65db4265ad8a", "platform": { "architecture": "arm64", "os": "linux", "variant": "armv8" } Index (Manifest List) linux amd64 linux ppc64le windows amd64 Manifests: Manifest linux arm64 Layers: Config: L0 L1 Ln Root Filesystem /usr /bin /dev /etc /home /lib C OCI Runtime Spec process args env cwd … root mounts
- 10. Status of multi-archimages Official Docker images Microsoft .NET Core LinuxKit Lots of ARM projects
- 11. DEMO: Build multi-archimages
- 12. Dockerfile maintenance Same OS= probably same (or very similar) Dockerfile Different OS = probably different Dockerfiles
- 13. FROM microsoft/nanoserver:10.0.14393.1770 RUN Invoke-WebRequest$Env:DOWNLOAD_URL -OutFile dotnet.zip; Expand-Archive dotnet.zip -DestinationPath $Env:ProgramFilesdotnet; Remove-Item -Force dotnet.zip RUN setx /M PATH $($Env:PATH + ';' + $Env:ProgramFiles + 'dotnet') FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.0-runtime-deps-jessie RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* RUN curl -SL $DOWNLOAD_URL --output dotnet.tar.gz && echo "$DOWNLOAD_SHA dotnet.tar.gz" | sha512sum -c - && mkdir -p /usr/share/dotnet && tar -zxf dotnet.tar.gz -C /usr/share/dotnet && rm dotnet.tar.gz && ln -s /usr/share/dotnet/dotnet /usr/bin/dotnet
- 14. Multiplatform CI Setup gitpush Container Registry Run Unit Tests Build App docker image build Credit: Stefan Scherer docker image push docker manifest push docker image push
- 15.
- 16. Multiplatform Orchestration > Requiresarch-aware orchestrator ● Images can continue to be CPU and/or OS specific (for example: Windows or Linux-only software; software not ported to multi-CPU) ● Even if images are multi-platform you may choose to run particular workloads on certain hardware/OS platforms Image registry Windows Linux x86_64 Linux s390x
- 17. Multi-arch: Swarm support >Placement Engine ● Reads manifest list’s platform entries ● Matches engine nodes with platforms supported > Docker Compose ● Can specify manual constraints in YAML "Placement": { "Constraints": [ "node.platform.arch == s390x" ], "Platforms": [ { "Architecture": "amd64", "OS": "linux" }, { "Architecture": "arm", "OS": "linux" }, { "Architecture": "arm64", "OS": "linux" }, { "Architecture": "ppc64le", "OS": "linux" }, docker service inspect
- 18.
- 19.
- 20. Take-aways Container images arespecific to the OS and CPU they’re built on Maintain Docker images? Making them multi-arch takes effort (but it’s worth it) Docker EE supports Linux, Windows, IBM Z and Power with one pane of glass
- 21. Thanks! Phil Estes IBM Cloud@estesp Michael Friis Docker, Inc. @friism
- 22. Docker EE Hosted Demo Addpicture here docker.com/trial ● Free 4 Hour Demo ● No Servers Required ● Full Docker EE Cluster Access