WPF binding ComboBox to enum (with a twist)

I would suggest a DataTemplate and a ValueConverter. That will let you customize the way it's displayed, but you would still be able to read the combobox's SelectedItem property and get the actual enum value.

ValueConverters require a lot of boilerplate code, but there's nothing too complicated here. First you create the ValueConverter class:

public class ModeConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter,
        CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return ((Mode) value).GetDescription();
    }
    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter,
        CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }
}

Since you're only converting enum values to strings (for display), you don't need ConvertBack -- that's just for two-way binding scenarios.

Then you put an instance of the ValueConverter into your resources, with something like this:

<Window ... xmlns:WpfApplication1="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1">
    <Window.Resources>
        <WpfApplication1:ModeConverter x:Key="modeConverter"/>
    </Window.Resources>
    ....
</Window>

Then you're ready to give the ComboBox a DisplayTemplate that formats its items using the ModeConverter:

<ComboBox Name="comboBox" ...>
    <ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Converter={StaticResource modeConverter}}"/>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
</ComboBox>

To test this, I threw in a Label too, that would show me the actual SelectedItem value, and it did indeed show that SelectedItem is the enum instead of the display text, which is what I would want:

<Label Content="{Binding ElementName=comboBox, Path=SelectedItem}"/>

This is how I am doing it with MVVM. On my model I would have defined my enum:

    public enum VelocityUnitOfMeasure
    {
        [Description("Miles per Hour")]
        MilesPerHour,
        [Description("Kilometers per Hour")]
        KilometersPerHour
    }

On my ViewModel I expose a property that provides possible selections as string as well as a property to get/set the model's value. This is useful if we don't want to use every enum value in the type:

    //UI Helper
    public IEnumerable<string> VelocityUnitOfMeasureSelections
    {
        get
        {
            var units = new []
                            {
                               VelocityUnitOfMeasure.MilesPerHour.Description(),
                               VelocityUnitOfMeasure.KilometersPerHour.Description()
                            };
            return units;
        }
    }

    //VM property
    public VelocityUnitOfMeasure UnitOfMeasure
    {
        get { return model.UnitOfMeasure; }
        set { model.UnitOfMeasure = value; }
    }

Furthermore, I use a generic EnumDescriptionCoverter:

public class EnumDescriptionConverter : IValueConverter
{
    //From Binding Source
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (!(value is Enum)) throw new ArgumentException("Value is not an Enum");
        return (value as Enum).Description();
    }

    //From Binding Target
    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        if (!(value is string)) throw new ArgumentException("Value is not a string");
        foreach(var item in Enum.GetValues(targetType))
        {
            var asString = (item as Enum).Description();
            if (asString == (string) value)
            {
                return item;
            }
        }
        throw new ArgumentException("Unable to match string to Enum description");
    }
}

And finally, with the view I can do the following:

<Window.Resources>
    <ValueConverters:EnumDescriptionConverter x:Key="enumDescriptionConverter" />
</Window.Resources>
...
<ComboBox SelectedItem="{Binding UnitOfMeasure, Converter={StaticResource enumDescriptionConverter}}"
          ItemsSource="{Binding VelocityUnitOfMeasureSelections, Mode=OneWay}" />

I suggest you use a markup extension I had already posted here, with just a little modification :

[MarkupExtensionReturnType(typeof(IEnumerable))]
public class EnumValuesExtension : MarkupExtension
{
    public EnumValuesExtension()
    {
    }

    public EnumValuesExtension(Type enumType)
    {
        this.EnumType = enumType;
    }

    [ConstructorArgument("enumType")]
    public Type EnumType { get; set; }

    public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        if (this.EnumType == null)
            throw new ArgumentException("The enum type is not set");
        return Enum.GetValues(this.EnumType).Select(o => GetDescription(o));
    }
}

You can then use it like that :

<ComboBox ItemsSource="{local:EnumValues local:Mode}"/>

EDIT: the method I suggested will bind to a list of string, which is not desirable since we want the SelectedItem to be of type Mode. It would be better to remove the .Select(...) part, and use a binding with a custom converter in the ItemTemplate.

Questions of using reflection and attributes aside, there are a few ways you could do this, but I think the best way is to just create a little view model class that wraps the enumeration value:

public class ModeViewModel : ViewModel
{
    private readonly Mode _mode;

    public ModeViewModel(Mode mode)
    {
        ...
    }

    public Mode Mode
    {
        get { ... }
    }

    public string Description
    {
        get { return _mode.GetDescription(); }
    }
}

Alternatively, you could look into using ObjectDataProvider.

I've done it like this :

<ComboBox x:Name="CurrencyCodeComboBox" Grid.Column="4" DisplayMemberPath="." HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="22"   Margin="11,6.2,0,10.2" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="81" Grid.Row="1" SelectedValue="{Binding currencyCode}" >
            <ComboBox.ItemsPanel>
                <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    <VirtualizingStackPanel/>
                </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </ComboBox.ItemsPanel>
        </ComboBox>

in code I set itemSource :

CurrencyCodeComboBox.ItemsSource = [Enum].GetValues(GetType(currencyCode))