I have to split a URL string and assign variables to few of the splits. Here is the string
http://web.com/sub1/sub2/sub3/sub4/sub5/sub6
I want to assign variables like below from bash
var1=sub2
var2=sub4
var3=sub5
How to do this in bash?
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1Possible duplicate of Trying to split a string into two variablesCyrus– Cyrus2015-10-24 16:50:58 +00:00Commented Oct 24, 2015 at 16:50
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3 Answers
x="http://web.com/sub1/sub2/sub3/sub4/sub5/sub6"
IFS="/" read -r foo foo foo foo var1 foo var2 var3 foo <<< "$x"
echo "$var1 $var2 $var3"
Output:
sub2 sub4 sub5
Or with an array:
x="http://web.com/sub1/sub2/sub3/sub4/sub5/sub6"
IFS="/" read -r -a var <<< "$x"
echo "${var[4]}"
declare -p var
Output:
sub2 declare -a var='([0]="http:" [1]="" [2]="web.com" [3]="sub1" [4]="sub2" [5]="sub3" [6]="sub4" [7]="sub5" [8]="sub6")'
From man bash:
IFS: The Internal Field Separator that is used for word splitting after expansion and to split lines into words with the read builtin command.
1 Comment
Tom Hale
For safety you should use:
read -r: do not allow backslashes to escape any charactersThis should work:
IFS=/ read -r proto host dummy var1 dummy var2 var3 dummy <<< "$url"
Or read -ra to read into an array. read -r makes backslash non-special.
This won't work in bash:
echo "$url" | read ...
because read would run in a subshell, so the variables wouldn't be set in the parent shell.
1 Comment
Cyrus
or use this:
shopt -s lastpipe; set +m; echo "$url" | IFS="/" read -ra arrayI think a better solution would be to assign the result of splitting into an array. For example:
IFS='/' read -a array <<< "http://web.com/sub1/sub2/sub3/sub4/sub5/sub6"
Unfortunately, this will create 3 'extraneous' elements, which you will have to take care of!
echo ${array[*]}
http: web.com sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 sub5 sub6
EDIT: In here ${array[1]} is an empty element!
1 Comment
Peter Cordes
Don't forget to quote properly:
echo "${array[@]}"