Array with char and integer

Question

I just started learning array in C language.
1. Tryed to print out item names and prices, but getting error, While compiling no error gives, but when i run it gives error.
What did i do wrong here ?

Here is my code

   #include<stdio.h>

    int main(void){

        float p[7]={0.55,0.8,1,1.2,0.95,0.4,0.6};
        int i=1;

        printf("%s%10s\n","#Item","ItemName");
            for(i=1;i<8;i++){

                printf("%s%13f0.2\n",i,p[i]);
    }

        return 0;

    }

2.How i can list names? i tried with char but didnt worked well.

char n[10]={'Water','Cola','Fanta','Chokolate','Biscuit','Gum','Candy'};

this gives errl4 14 C:\Users\Erdene\Desktop\turshilt.c

[Warning] character constant too long for its type

if i change n[100] how can i list with Numbering and pricing?

like listing numbers and next to numbers Item and prices.
any advices? thanks

Arrays in C are indexed starting at 0 not at 1. So you're array index is out of bounds when it hits the value 7. It should go from 0 to 6. — lurker
– lurker, Commented Apr 12, 2014 at 0:54
enable all warnings, and you'll see something about multibyte character constant — phuclv
– phuclv, Commented Apr 12, 2014 at 1:15

Jim Lewis · Accepted Answer · 2014-04-12 00:55:29Z

2

float p[7]={0.55,0.8,1,1.2,0.95,0.4,0.6};

Arrays in C are indexed starting with 0, so your for loop should be

for(i=0;i<7;i++) { ... }

For the other part of your question:

char n[10]={'Water','Cola','Fanta','Chokolate','Biscuit','Gum','Candy'};

you should use double quotes for the strings (single quotes are for character constants). n should be an array of ten pointers, not ten characters, and it's good practice to make the array size the same as the number of initializers:

char *n[7]={"Water","Cola","Fanta","Chokolate","Biscuit","Gum","Candy"};

answered Apr 12, 2014 at 0:55

Jim Lewis

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1 Comment

Lkhagva Erdene Over a year ago

I just realize that printf("%s%13f0.2\n",i,p[i]); part is wrong, printf("%s%13 0.2f\n",i,p[i]); is also wrong. How i can use that 13 and 0.2 together ?

Morgan Wilde · Accepted Answer · 2014-04-12 01:01:28Z

You have to understand that there is a difference between an array of char type values, which is what you have, and an array of strings.

You denote a single char value using a number, or single quotes like so

char bar = 65;
char foo = 'A';

Both of these are the same value. char can only store one character of information, the size is restricted by a byte.

When you're declaring a string of chars use double quotes

char string[100] = "Hello!";

As an alternative to what Jim Lewis has posted, you can use a constant size array, if you know that at compile time. In this instance, you are required to specify all but the outer-most level size.

// This will store as many 19 letter words, as you specify in the declaration
char strings[][20] = {"One", "word", "two", "words"};
// The index starts at zero
printf("%s\n", strings[0]); // -> One
printf("%s\n", strings[1]); // -> word
printf("%s\n", strings[2]); // -> two
printf("%s\n", strings[3]); // -> words
printf("%s\n", strings[4]); // -> ERROR - out of bounds

Valdis Grinbergs · Accepted Answer · 2014-04-12 01:24:14Z

0

Read the other answers to explain why. Read the example below for a full example of how to do this.

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){

    // array sizes do not need to be explicitly set when initialized this way
    char *n[]={"Water","Cola","Fanta","Chokolate","Biscuit","Gum","Candy"};
    float p[]={0.55,0.8,1,1.2,0.95,0.4,0.6};
    int i;
    // calculate array length, so can change array length without breaking code
    int len = sizeof(n)/sizeof(*n);

    // tinker with printf if you want to make the columns wider, etc.
    printf("%s%11s%9s\n", "Item #", "Item Name", "Price");
    for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        printf("%6d  %-10s%8.2f\n", i + 1, n[i], p[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}

answered Apr 12, 2014 at 1:24

Valdis Grinbergs

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2 Comments

Lkhagva Erdene Over a year ago

yea its working well, but how that printf("%6d %-10s%8.2f\n", i + 1, n[i], p[i]); printing perfect ? %-10s means to lefthand side 10 Isnt it ? but n[i] shows right under the ItemName how?

Valdis Grinbergs Over a year ago

Header has %s%11s for "Item #" and "Item Name". "Item #" is printed as-is, 6 characters. "Item Name", whose length is 9, is printed right-justified in 11 spaces, providing 2 blank spaces before the text. As a result, the text "Item Name" starts in column 9. The detail line has "%6d %-10s", so likewise, n[i] is printed starting in column 9. The header could be rewritten as "%6s %9s %5s" to make it easier to see how they line up.

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