Structured Programming with C - Data Types.ppt

Structured Programming with C - Data Types.ppt

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  Data Types inC In C programming, Data types are declarations for variables. Variables on the other hand are memory allocations in a programming language. Example : int age; Here, age is a variable of int (integer) type. The size of int is 4 bytes.
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  Basic Data typesin C Type Size (bytes) Format Specifier int 2 %d , %i char 1 %c float 4 %f double 8 %lf short int 2 %hd unsigned int 2 %u long int 4 %ld , %li Long long int Atleast 8 %lld, %lli
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  Basic Data typesin C Type Size (bytes) Format Specifier Unsigned long int Atleast 4 %lu Unsigned long long int Atleast 8 %llu Signed char 1 %c Unsigned char 1 %c Long double Atleast 10 %Lf
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  1. int  Integers arewhole numbers that can have both zero, positive and negative values but no decimal values. For example, 0, -5, 10.  The size of int is usually 4 bytes (32 bits).  We can use int for declaring an integer variable. e.g. “ int id; ”  Here, id is a variable of type integer. NB : You can declare multiple variables at once in C programming. For example; “ int id, age; ”
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  2. float anddouble  float and double are used to hold real numbers. For example ; float salary; double price; NB : In C, floating-point numbers can also be represented in exponential. For example, float normalizationFactor = 22.442e2;  Question: What's the difference between float and double?  The size of float (single precision float data type) is 4 bytes.  And the size of double (double precision float data type) is 8 bytes.
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  3. char  Keyword charis used for declaring character type variables. For example, char test = 'h';  The size of the character variable is 1 byte.
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  4. void  void isan incomplete type.  It means "nothing" or "no type". You can think of void as absent.  For example, if a function is not returning anything, its return type should be void.  Note that, you cannot create variables of void type.
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  5. short andlong  If you need to use a large number, you can use a type specifier long. Here's how: long a; long long b; long double c;  Here variables a and b can store integer values. And, c can store a floating-point number.  If you are sure, only a small integer ([−32,767, +32,767] range) will be used, you can use short. Here’s how: short d;
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  HOW TO CHECKTHE SIZE OF A VARIABLE  You can always check the size of a variable using the sizeof() operator. #include <stdio.h> int main() { short a; long b; long long c; long double d; printf("size of short = %d bytesn", sizeof(a)); printf("size of long = %d bytesn", sizeof(b)); printf("size of long long = %d bytesn", sizeof(c)); printf("size of long double= %d bytesn", sizeof(d)); return 0; }
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  Resources for moreLearning Data Types in C Programming DataTypes In C | What Are DataTypes In C and Their Types | C Programming for Be ginners