Strings in c language

Strings in c language

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  Strings in C By:Prof. Ganesh Ingle
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  Course Main Topic/Chapters Introduction Declaration/Initializationof an Array String Library function
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  Introduction 1. An arrayis a collection of data items, all of the same type, accessed using a common name. 2. Strings are defined as an array of characters. 3. The difference between a character array and a string is the string is terminated with a special character '0'. Declaration of strings: Declaring a string is as simple as declaring a one dimensional array. 4. C language does not directly support string as a data type. Hence, to display a string in 'C', you need to make use of a character array.
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  Declaration/Initialization of anArray Syntax for declaring a variable as a string is as follows: char string_variable_name [array_size]; Example: char first_name[15]; //declaration of a string variable char last_name[15]; The C compiler automatically adds a NULL character '0' to the character array created.
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  Declaration/Initialization of anArray Following example demonstrates the initialization of a string variable: • char first_name[15] = "ANTHONY"; • char first_name[15] = {'A','N','T','H','O','N','Y','0'}; // NULL character '0' is required at end in this declaration • char string1 [6] = "hello"; /* string size = 'h'+'e'+'l'+'l'+'o'+"NULL" = 6 */ • char string2 [ ] = "world"; /* string size = 'w'+'o'+'r'+'l'+'d'+"NULL" = 6 */ • char string3[6] = {'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'} ; /*Declaration as set of characters ,Size 6*/
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  Declaration/Initialization of anArray
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  Input String 1. Inputsingle character at a time for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf(“ %c”, &name[i]); 2. Using “ %s” scanf(“ %s”, name); 3.Using Library function
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  String Library Function •gets(); • strlen(); • strcat(); • strncat(); • strcmp(); • strncmp(); • strrev(); • strstr(); • strnstr(); • strcpy(); • strncpy();
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  THANK YOU Image Source searchenterpriseai.techtarget.com wikipedia