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Introduction to computing lecture1
This document provides an introduction to computing and describes different types of computers. It outlines the course, including assignments and marking schemes. Computers are defined as machines that can perform computations based on instructions. They are not intelligent on their own and require human programming. Various computer types are described for individual and organizational use, including desktops, notebooks, tablets, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Supercomputers are the most powerful and are used for complex simulations in fields like weather forecasting and automotive safety testing. Students are directed to readings to supplement the course material.
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Introduction to computing lecture1
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- 2. TEXT BOOK Introduction toComputers By Peter Norton Other material will be mentioned in the last slide for every lecture Please do not rely on slides alone, if you want to do well in this course make sure you read the book as well.
- 3. MARKING The marks distributionis as following Quizzes, Assignments and Projects Sessional 1 Sessional 2 Final Exam 25% 10% 15% 50% Quizzes will be surprise. That is at the start of end of any class I can take a quiz.
- 4. MARKING Assignments and Projectswill be given through out the course. Make sure your assignments are not copied in any form.
- 5. ASSIGNMENT 1 Research onthe internet and in the library and compile history of computers. You should write the history in your own words and not just copy paste from the internet. Give proper references. Your assignment can be hand written or typed. The assignment should be no more then 5 pages. All future assignments will be typed.
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- 7. PURPOSE OF THECOURSE Give an overview of what computers are and what they can do Help you do everyday tasks and prepare you to make use of Computers in your field.
- 8. WHAT IS ACOMPUTER A machine which can take instructions, and perform computations based on those instructions.
- 9. IS A COMPUTERINTELLIGENT??
- 10. IS A COMPUTERINTELLIGENT?? NO!!!! The are nothing like a human brain Computers can only follow instructions blindly The instructions that we give to the computer to perform a certain task are called programs
- 11. IS A COMPUTERINTELLIGENT?? To understand how dumb a computer is consider the following example You have created a Robot that of course has a computer as a brain. You want that robot to go to the market and fetch you an ice cream Consider what instruction would you need to give to the robot?
- 12. WHAT CAN ACOMPUTER DO? A computer can process data very quickly It can perform millions of calculations in seconds BUT........ Still it is not intelligent It can only follow instructions. It can not make its own decisions Humans have to tell the computer exactly what to do.
- 13. WHY ARE COMPUTERSPOWERFUL? Amazing speed Can store and organize large amounts of data Can perform millions of operations in seconds A government can store information about all of its citizens Accuracy Computers are very precise and accurate Most mistakes that computers make are down to human error
- 14. COMPUTERS FOR INDIVIDUALUSE Desktop computers The most common type of computer Sits on the desk or floor Performs a variety of tasks Workstations Specialized computers Optimized for science or graphics More powerful than a desktop
- 15. COMPUTERS FOR INDIVIDUALUSE Notebook computers Small portable computers Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds About 8 ½ by 11 inches Typically as powerful as a desktop Netbook computers Smaller and less powerful then laptops/notebook computers.
- 16. COMPUTERS FOR INDIVIDUALUSE Tablet computers Newest development in portable computers Input is through a pen or touch screen Run specialized versions of office products
- 17. Tablet Computers Have becomemore popular after the release of iPad in 2010
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- 19. COMPUTERS FOR INDIVIDUALUSE Handheld computers Very small computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) Note taking or contact management Data can synchronize with a desktop Smart phones Hybrid of cell phone and PDA Web surfing, e-mail access
- 20. COMPUTERS FOR ORGANIZATIONS Networkservers Centralized computer All other computers connect Provides access to network resources Multiple servers are called server farms Often simply a powerful desktop
- 21. COMPUTERS FOR ORGANIZATIONS Mainframes Used in large organizations Handle thousands of users Users access through a terminal can be a dumb terminal or intelligent terminal
- 22. MAINFRAMES VS. NETWORKSERVERS mainframes are more popular and generally more reliable Servers are smaller, significantly less expensive Servers allow users to work "off-line," only needing to connect with the client-server when they need to share information. With mainframes, everyone must be logged on simultaneously, which can slow the processing speed.
- 23. COMPUTERS FOR ORGANIZATIONS Minicomputers Calledmidrange computers Power between mainframe and desktop Handle hundreds of users Used in smaller organizations Users access through a terminal
- 24. COMPUTERS FOR ORGANIZATIONS Supercomputers The most powerful computers made Handle large and complex calculations Process trillions of operations per second Found in research organizations
- 25. WHERE ARE SUPERCOMPUTERS USED? The "Big Bang," or the initial expansion of all energy and matter in the universe, happened more than 13 billion years ago in trillion-degree Celsius temperatures, but supercomputer simulations make it possible to observe what went on during the universe's birth Forecasting hurricanes using live data directly, supercomputers can predict the possible paths a hurricane can take. Auto manufacturers use supercomputers to simulate auto accidents on video screen. This is less expensive and more revealing then actually crashing a car.
- 27. READING MATERIAL http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-computer.htm Readthe first chapter of your Text book
- 28. REFERENCES Introduction to Computersby Peter Norton http://www.livescience.com/6392-9-super-coolsupercomputers.html