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Similar to In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system, the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the
In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system, the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the
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- 13. Product Metrics ● Productmetrics represent product attributes such as size, complexity, design features, performance, and quality level. ● A working product is created at the end of each successive phase of the software development process. At any step of development, a product can be measured. ● Metrics are built for these items to determine whether a product is being developed in accordance with user requirements. ● If a product fails to satisfy consumer expectations, the relevant steps are made in the appropriate phase. ● Product metrics assist software engineers in detecting and correcting possible issues before they cause catastrophic failures.
- 15. Process Metrics: ProcessMetrics can be used to improve software development and maintenance. Examples include the effectiveness of defect removal during development, the pattern of testing defect arrival, and the response time of the fix process. Project Metrics: The project matrix describes the project characteristic and execution process.Examples include effort estimation accuracy, schedule deviation, cost variance, and productivity. ● Number of software developer ● Cost and schedule ● Productivity
- 16. ADVANTAGES OF SOFTWAREMETRICS : ● REDUCTION IN COST OR BUDGET. ● IT HELPS TO IDENTIFY THE PARTICULAR AREA FOR IMPROVISING. ● IT HELPS TO INCREASE THE PRODUCT QUALITY. ● MANAGING THE WORKLOADS AND TEAMS. ● REDUCTION IN OVERALL TIME TO PRODUCE THE PRODUCT,. DISADVANTAGES OF SOFTWARE METRICS: ● IT IS EXPENSIVE AND DIFFICULT TO IMPLEMENT THE METRICS IN SOME CASES. ● PERFORMANCE OF THE ENTIRE TEAM OR AN INDIVIDUAL FROM THE TEAM CAN'T BE DETERMINED. ONLY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PRODUCT IS DETERMINED. ● SOMETIMES THE QUALITY OF THE PRODUCT IS NOT MET WITH THE EXPECTATION. · IT LEADS TO MEASURE THE UNWANTED DATA WHICH IS WASTAGE OF TIME.
- 17. Software Quality Assurance(SQA) Software Quality Assurance (SQA) is an integral part of the software development process, aimed at ensuring the delivery of high-quality software products. It encompasses various principles, processes, and techniques that contribute to software quality. 1. Key Principles of SQA: a. Prevention over Detection: SQA emphasizes the prevention of defects over their detection, aiming to identify and rectify issues at an early stage in the software development lifecycle (SDLC). b. Continuous Improvement: SQA practices are iterative and promote continuous improvement by incorporating feedback and lessons learned from previous projects. c. Standards and Best Practices: SQA is guided by industry standards (e.g., ISO 9000) and best practices, ensuring consistency and adherence to quality norms.
- 18. 2. SQA Processes: a.Quality Planning: This involves defining the quality standards, processes, and resources needed to meet the desired quality goals. b. Quality Assurance: SQA activities include process audits, reviews, and inspections to ensure adherence to defined quality standards. c. Quality Control: This process involves actual testing and verification of the software product to identify defects and ensure that it meets the defined quality criteria. d. Process Improvement: SQA teams continually assess and improve the software development processes to enhance quality over time.
- 19. START Process Improvement Continually assessand improve development processes Quality Planning Define quality standards,processes, and resources Quality Control Perform testing and verification Quality Assurance Conduct process audits, reviews, and inspections SQA lifecycle
- 20. 3. Techniques Involved: ●a. Reviews and Inspections: These involve systematic examination of code, designs, and documents to identify defects and ensure adherence to standards. ● b. Testing: Rigorous testing, including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing, helps identify and rectify defects. ● c. Static Analysis Tools: Tools like static code analyzers help in identifying coding issues without executing the software. 4. Significance of SQA in the SDLC: ● a. Early Defect Detection: By identifying and addressing issues early in the development process, SQA reduces the cost and effort required to fix defects in later stages. ● b. Risk Mitigation: SQA helps in managing and mitigating risks associated with software development by implementing robust processes and controls. ● c. Customer Satisfaction: Ensuring software quality leads to higher customer satisfaction, as it reduces post-release defects and enhances reliability.
- 21. 5. Examples ofSQA Benefits: ● a. Reduced Bug Fixing Costs: Early defect detection through SQA reduces the cost of fixing defects in later phases, such as during system testing or after deployment. ● b. Enhanced User Experience: SQA ensures that the software meets user expectations and functions reliably, leading to a better user experience. ● c. Improved Project Predictability: SQA helps in delivering projects on time and within budget by minimizing unexpected delays and issues. 6. Role of Standards and Best Practices: SQA relies on industry standards and best practices to ensure that software development processes are consistent, repeatable, and aligned with recognized quality norms. For example, the ISO 9000 series provides a framework for quality management.